The effect of occupational therapies applied to patients diagnosed with schizophrenic disorder on the subjective well-being of patients
Project no. 20503 · Status: Kapanmış · 2020
Summary
<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Schizophrenic disorder is a disorder that causes the individual to not perform activities of daily living independently. With this disease, the social functionality of the individual is significantly reduced. While pharmacological treatments affect the biological aspect of the disease more, the psychosocial dimension is lacking. It is thought that the psychosocial interventions to the patients will contribute positively to the daily life activities and social lives of the individuals. As a result of this positive contribution, there will be an increase in the well-being of the patients. In addition to regular pharmacological treatment, psychosocial interventions will bring along the course of the disease, recognition of precursor symptoms, disease management, and positive social relations. Occupational therapies are psychosocial interventions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The project was carried out to determine the effect of occupational therapies applied to patients diagnosed with schizophrenic disorder on the subjective well-being of patients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Occupational therapies including music, garden-soil and sports practices for individuals diagnosed with schizophrenic disorder in the project; It was planned in three stages as adjustment stage, subjective well-being stage and termination stage. Occupational therapies were applied to the case group after the intervention and control groups were given training on the research and the measurement tools were applied. After the applications were completed, the measurement tools were reapplied to both groups and control follow-up was performed three months after the end of the applications. Information Form, Functional Recovery Scale in Schizophrenia Patients (SHIL), and Subjective Recovery Evaluation Scale in Schizophrenia were used as data collection tools. The data were coded in the SPSS 21.0 program, and in the data analysis, the significance of the difference in dependent and independent groups, where the distribution did not fit normal, the number, percentage and mean distributions were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When the effect size distribution of the study was examined, a statistically significant difference was found between the groups in the SILÖ total score and in the group-time interaction. A statistically significant difference was found between the groups in social functionality, health and treatment, and daily living skills sub-dimensions. Statistically significant difference was found between groups and group-time interaction in occupational functionality sub-dimension. The results of the study showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the groups in the OZIDS total score and in the group-time interaction. When the SILÖ scale sub-dimension mean scores were examined; A statistically significant difference was found between the intervention group pre-post and follow-up tests in the social functionality sub-dimension. No statistically significant difference was found between the pre-post and follow-up test mean scores in the intervention and control groups in the health and treatment sub-dimension. In the daily living skills sub-dimension, there was an increase in the intervention group mean scores after the intervention, but this increase was not statistically significant. A statistically significant difference was found between the control group pre-post and follow-up test mean scores in the occupational functionality sub-dimension. When the total scores of OZIDS were examined, no significant difference was found in the intervention group, but a significant difference was found in the control group. The post-test score was statistically significantly lower than the pre-test score. The follow-up test score was statistically significantly lower than the pre-test score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As a result of the research, it is seen that although there was a decrease in the total and sub-dimensions pretest, posttest and follow-up score averages of SHIL in the intervention group in which occupational therapy was applied, there was an increase compared to the pretest scores, although there was a partial decrease in the follow-up scores compared to the posttest scores. This desired increase means that the recovery is positive. In the control group, the recovery scores were low. The OZIDS total score increased similarly in the intervention group. This result means an increase in the perception of subjective improvement. A decrease was observed in the control group. It was concluded that the study was conducted with a larger sample size and a longer application, with participants diagnosed with different mental illnesses, in order to measure the effectiveness of a uniform occupation program. It is recommended that the occupation program be integrated into the standard program carried out in the Community Mental Health Center.</p><p><strong>Key Words: </strong>Schizophrenic Disorder, Occupational Therapies, Subjective Well-Being</p>