DETERMINATION OF NUTRIENT COMPOSITION AND POTENTIAL FEED VALUE OF SOME CAKES OBTAINED BY COLD PRESSED METHOD
Project no. 22213 · Status: Kapanmış · 2020
Summary
This thesis study aimed to determine the in-vitro nutrient content, metabolic energy values, some chemical properties, and potential feed value of some cakes obtained by cold pressed method proposed as an alternative protein source, and to reveal their usability in animal nutrition. The feed materials used in this study are safflower, black cumin (z and m), flaxseed (z and m), carrot seed, walnut, hempseed, and camelina seed cakes collected from Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Menemen Research, Practical and Production Farm and Mecitefendi Company. The nutrient content, cell wall contents, metabolic energy (ME) values for poultry and ruminants, relative feed values (RFV), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid (TF) and antioxidant activity (AA) of these cakes were compared. The average nutrient content of the cakes (%) varies from 95.78 (walnut cake) to 91.91 (flaxseed cake z) for dry matter (DM), from 13.11 (carrot seed) to 3.90 (safflower cake) for crude ash, from 23.46 (flaxseed z cake) to 5.50 and 5.57 (hemp and walnut cakes) for crude fat (CF), from 46.82 (flaxseed cake m) to 20.03 (safflower cake) for crude crude protein (CP), from 45.43 (walnut meal) to 21.91 (safflower cake) for nitrogen-free extract (NFE), and from 9.40 (flaxseed m) to 2.2 (safflower cake) for sugar. Starch content was below detectable level in all feed samples. The highest crude fiber (CF) at 37.1, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) at 52.71 and acid detergent fiber (ADF) at 40.41 were found in safflower cake. The highest acid detergent lignin (ADL) at 28.55 was found in carrot seed cake. Metabolic energies range from 12.83 MJ/kg (black cumin seed cake z) to 6.66 MJ/kg (walnut cake) for poultry and from 14.01 MJ/kg (black cumin seed cake z) to 8.91 MJ/kg (safflower cake) for ruminants. The highest TPC (1.57 mg GAE/g) and TF (0.69 mg QE/g) were found in walnut cake. The lowest values for TPC (0.41 mg GAE/g) and TF (0.16 mg QE/mg) were found in black cumin (m) cake. The AA (%) varies from 31.29 for black cumin (m) seed cake to 6.6 for camelina seed cake. Considering the high amount of crude protein (>20%) of the investigated cold pressed cakes, it is concluded that they can be recommended as alternative protein sources for feeding livestock.