In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities and toxicity potential of Salvia argentea L. ethanolic extract

Project no. 22651 · Status: Kapanmış · 2021

Summary

Salvia argentea L. (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant originating from the Mediterranean region that has been used since ancient times in the treatment of many diseases. In the present study, an experimental investigation was conducted to explore the potential toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of Salvia argentea L. extract using in vitro and in vivo models. An HPLC–DAD analysis revealed that S. argentea L. extract contained chlorogenic acid, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, rutin, luteoline-7-glucoside, apigenine-7-glucoside, rosmarinic acid, leutolin, naringenin, apigenin, and salvigenin. The potential toxicity of S. argentea L. extract was evaluated on healthy and cancer cell lines [colon adenocarcinoma (CaCo-2), human lung flbroblasts (CCD-34Lu), human cervical cancer (HeLa), human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep-G2), human prostate cancer (PC-3), and human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231)]. S. argentea L. extract was not affecting the viability of CaCo-2, CCD-34Lu, Hep-G2, MDA-MB-231 cell lines except HeLa and PC-3 cells. The potential genotoxicity of the extract was assayed using Ames Salmonella/microsome tests and the test revealed that S. argentea L. extract was non-mutagenic towards Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100, TA98, TA1537, and TA1535.  In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was investigated in LPS-activated murine macrophage RAW 264.7 and human monocytic cell line THP-1 by measuring the level of nitric oxide (NO), pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL-1β), interleukin (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α). S. argentea L. extract suppressed the release of NO, IL- β, IL-6, and TNF-α without affecting cell viability. A carrageenan-induced rat model of acute inflammation was used in the in vivo experiments. S. argentea L. extract (50, 75 and 100 mg/kg b.w) and indomethacin (10 mg/kg b.w) were given orally prior paw edema induction of rats. The extract showed anti-inflammatory activity compared to the control group. Production of serum reactive protein (CRP) as an inflammatory marker was evaluated by ELISA analysis and the extract significantly reduced the levels of CRP in treated rats. Animals administered the 2000 mg/kg b.w. dose of S. argentea L. extract showed no apparent signs of toxicity. As a result, these results demonstrated that Salvia argentea L. ethanol extract has potent anti-inflammatory activity without toxic effects.

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