Do Athletes’ Perceived Competence, Decision-Making Skills, and Mental Toughness Level Influence Metacognitive Processes During Performance? A New Perspective on Water Sports

Project no. 32929 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2025

Summary

<p class="ql-align-justify">Water&nbsp;sports&nbsp;provide&nbsp;performance&nbsp;environments&nbsp;that&nbsp;require&nbsp;athletes&nbsp;to&nbsp;demonstrate&nbsp;a&nbsp;high&nbsp;level&nbsp;of&nbsp;cognitive,&nbsp;psychological,&nbsp;and&nbsp;physical&nbsp;adaptation&nbsp;under&nbsp;continuously&nbsp;changing&nbsp;environmental&nbsp;conditions.&nbsp;Accordingly,&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;important&nbsp;to&nbsp;reliably&nbsp;assess&nbsp;the&nbsp;metacognitive&nbsp;processes&nbsp;used&nbsp;during&nbsp;performance&nbsp;and&nbsp;to&nbsp;identify&nbsp;the&nbsp;psychological&nbsp;factors&nbsp;that&nbsp;influence&nbsp;these&nbsp;processes.&nbsp;This&nbsp;study&nbsp;consists&nbsp;of&nbsp;two&nbsp;stages.&nbsp;The&nbsp;aim&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;first&nbsp;stage&nbsp;was&nbsp;to&nbsp;adapt&nbsp;the&nbsp;Metacognitive&nbsp;Processes&nbsp;during&nbsp;Performance&nbsp;Questionnaire&nbsp;(MPPQ)&nbsp;into&nbsp;Turkish&nbsp;and&nbsp;introduce&nbsp;it&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;Turkish&nbsp;literature.&nbsp;In&nbsp;this&nbsp;stage,&nbsp;300&nbsp;licensed&nbsp;athletes&nbsp;actively&nbsp;participating&nbsp;in&nbsp;different&nbsp;sports&nbsp;branches,&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;mean&nbsp;age&nbsp;of&nbsp;22.11&nbsp;±&nbsp;4.97&nbsp;years,&nbsp;were&nbsp;included&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;study.&nbsp;In&nbsp;addition,&nbsp;Confirmatory&nbsp;Factor&nbsp;Analysis&nbsp;was&nbsp;conducted,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Cronbach’s&nbsp;alpha&nbsp;internal&nbsp;consistency&nbsp;coefficient&nbsp;was&nbsp;calculated&nbsp;to&nbsp;assess&nbsp;the&nbsp;reliability&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;scale.</p><p class="ql-align-justify">The&nbsp;second&nbsp;aim&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;study&nbsp;was&nbsp;to&nbsp;examine&nbsp;the&nbsp;effects&nbsp;of&nbsp;mental&nbsp;toughness,&nbsp;decision-making&nbsp;skills,&nbsp;and&nbsp;physical&nbsp;self-description&nbsp;levels&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;metacognitive&nbsp;processes&nbsp;used&nbsp;during&nbsp;performance&nbsp;among&nbsp;water&nbsp;sports&nbsp;athletes.&nbsp;In&nbsp;this&nbsp;stage,&nbsp;data&nbsp;were&nbsp;collected&nbsp;from&nbsp;236&nbsp;water&nbsp;sports&nbsp;athletes&nbsp;competing&nbsp;in&nbsp;sailing,&nbsp;open-water&nbsp;swimming,&nbsp;water&nbsp;polo,&nbsp;underwater&nbsp;rugby,&nbsp;and&nbsp;underwater&nbsp;hockey,&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;mean&nbsp;age&nbsp;of&nbsp;27.56&nbsp;±&nbsp;11.80&nbsp;years.&nbsp;Independent&nbsp;samples&nbsp;<em>t</em>-test,&nbsp;one-way&nbsp;analysis&nbsp;of&nbsp;variance&nbsp;(ANOVA),&nbsp;Pearson&nbsp;correlation&nbsp;analysis,&nbsp;linear&nbsp;regression&nbsp;and&nbsp;cluster&nbsp;analysis&nbsp;were&nbsp;performed&nbsp;to&nbsp;analyze&nbsp;the&nbsp;data.</p><p class="ql-align-justify">The&nbsp;findings&nbsp;indicated&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;MPPQ&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;sufficiently&nbsp;reliable&nbsp;and&nbsp;valid&nbsp;measurement&nbsp;instrument.&nbsp;According&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;regression&nbsp;analysis&nbsp;results,&nbsp;the&nbsp;confidence&nbsp;sub-dimension&nbsp;of&nbsp;mental&nbsp;toughness&nbsp;significantly&nbsp;affected&nbsp;all&nbsp;sub-dimensions&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;MPPQ.&nbsp;Furthermore,&nbsp;the&nbsp;vigilance&nbsp;sub-dimension&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;Decision-Making&nbsp;Scale&nbsp;had&nbsp;a&nbsp;significant&nbsp;effect&nbsp;on&nbsp;cognitive&nbsp;coordination&nbsp;and&nbsp;cognitive&nbsp;evaluation,&nbsp;whereas&nbsp;the&nbsp;panic&nbsp;sub-dimension&nbsp;had&nbsp;a&nbsp;significant&nbsp;effect&nbsp;on&nbsp;thought&nbsp;control.&nbsp;In&nbsp;addition,&nbsp;the&nbsp;coordination&nbsp;sub-dimension&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;Physical&nbsp;Self-Description&nbsp;Inventory&nbsp;was&nbsp;found&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;significantly&nbsp;associated&nbsp;with&nbsp;all&nbsp;sub-dimensions&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;MPPQ.&nbsp;As&nbsp;a&nbsp;result,&nbsp;these&nbsp;constructs&nbsp;appear&nbsp;to&nbsp;have&nbsp;an&nbsp;effect&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;metacognitive&nbsp;processes&nbsp;used&nbsp;during&nbsp;performance&nbsp;among&nbsp;competitive&nbsp;athletes&nbsp;participating&nbsp;in&nbsp;water&nbsp;sports.</p><p></p>

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