Evaluation of Some Seeds Available in the Market in Terms of Fatty Acid Content
Project no. 20784 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2019
Summary
One of the most emphasized issues in the relationship between disease and nutrition is fats. The saturated fatty acids, the cis or trans forms of the fatty acids, and the occurence of essentinal fatty acids are important factors for the prefer of oils for consuming. Monounsaturated fatty acids have positive effects on cholesterol and they reduce risk factors in cardiovascular diseases. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential fatty acids that cannot be synthesized in the human body and must be taken from outside. The most common essential fatty acids in plants are omega-3 and omega-6 series of long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, and they are the precursors of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins work similarly as hormones in the body and are responsible for many metabolic activities. These include regulation of body temperature, blood clotting, inflammation, pain and blood pressure. Within the scope of our thesis, fatty acid analyzes of the oils obtained by extraction with apolar organic solvent from the seeds of Linum usitatissumum L., Chenopodium quinoa Willd., Salvia hispanica L., Fagopyrum esculentum Moench., Papaver somniferum L. species were performed by gas chromatography. As a result, it was determined that linolenic acid (48.050%) followed by oleic acid (22.210%) and arachidic acid (16.322%) in flaxseed had the highest rate. While palmitic acid (27.371%), a saturated fatty acid, was found at the highest rate in chia seeds, oleic acid (19.56%) and cis-11-eicosenoic acid (19.171%) were the major unsaturated fatty acids. First arachidic acid (52.617%), second oleic acid (19.369%) and third arachidonic acid (7.573%) were found in the fatty acid content of quinoa seed. Oleic acid (43.735%), palmitic acid (31.339%) and arachidic acid (9.408%) were determined as major fatty acids in poppy seeds. In buckwheat germ, the major fatty acid was oleic acid (38.912%), followed by arachidic acid (33.670%) and palmitic acid (13.858%). As a result of our analysis, it was determined that these seeds are generally rich in unsaturated fatty acids.