Identification of Art Nouveau Ornaments in Examples of Public and Civil Architecture in Izmir

Project no. 32196 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2024

Summary

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>The&nbsp;first&nbsp;examples&nbsp;of&nbsp;Art&nbsp;Nouveau&nbsp;architecture&nbsp;began&nbsp;to&nbsp;appear&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;first&nbsp;half&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;20th&nbsp;century,&nbsp;primarily&nbsp;in&nbsp;Istanbul&nbsp;and&nbsp;in&nbsp;certain&nbsp;coastal&nbsp;cities&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;Ottoman&nbsp;Empire&nbsp;where&nbsp;trade&nbsp;was&nbsp;particularly&nbsp;active.&nbsp;One&nbsp;of&nbsp;these&nbsp;cities&nbsp;is&nbsp;Izmir.&nbsp;As&nbsp;one&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;port&nbsp;cities&nbsp;of&nbsp;Western&nbsp;Anatolia&nbsp;and&nbsp;a&nbsp;place&nbsp;where&nbsp;various&nbsp;civilizations&nbsp;have&nbsp;thrived&nbsp;over&nbsp;the&nbsp;centuries,&nbsp;Izmir&nbsp;is&nbsp;an&nbsp;important&nbsp;center&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;rich&nbsp;cultural&nbsp;heritage.&nbsp;From&nbsp;the&nbsp;late&nbsp;17th&nbsp;century&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;late&nbsp;19th&nbsp;century,&nbsp;the&nbsp;city&nbsp;became&nbsp;a&nbsp;magnet&nbsp;for&nbsp;various&nbsp;ethnic&nbsp;groups&nbsp;from&nbsp;outside&nbsp;the&nbsp;empire.&nbsp;As&nbsp;it&nbsp;developed&nbsp;rapidly&nbsp;economically,&nbsp;it&nbsp;was&nbsp;divided&nbsp;into&nbsp;five&nbsp;main&nbsp;residential&nbsp;areas&nbsp;based&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;solidarity&nbsp;among&nbsp;people&nbsp;belonging&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;ethnic&nbsp;groups&nbsp;living&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;immediate&nbsp;vicinity.&nbsp;In&nbsp;this&nbsp;division,&nbsp;Kadifekale&nbsp;and&nbsp;its&nbsp;surroundings&nbsp;became&nbsp;a&nbsp;Muslim&nbsp;settlement;&nbsp;the&nbsp;Frank&nbsp;Quarter&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;area&nbsp;immediately&nbsp;behind&nbsp;it&nbsp;became&nbsp;a&nbsp;Greek&nbsp;settlement;&nbsp;the&nbsp;Fairgrounds&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;surrounding&nbsp;area&nbsp;became&nbsp;an&nbsp;Armenian&nbsp;settlement;&nbsp;Havra&nbsp;Street&nbsp;and&nbsp;its&nbsp;surroundings&nbsp;became&nbsp;a&nbsp;Jewish&nbsp;settlement;&nbsp;and&nbsp;Kemeraltı&nbsp;evolved&nbsp;into&nbsp;an&nbsp;industrial&nbsp;district.&nbsp;</p><p> Western&nbsp;minorities&nbsp;settled&nbsp;in&nbsp;Western&nbsp;Anatolia&nbsp;and,&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;1839&nbsp;Tanzimat&nbsp;Edict&nbsp;until&nbsp;the&nbsp;proclamation&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;Republic,&nbsp;brought&nbsp;many&nbsp;innovations&nbsp;to&nbsp;Izmir&nbsp;in&nbsp;fields&nbsp;such&nbsp;as&nbsp;industry,&nbsp;commerce,&nbsp;and&nbsp;architecture,&nbsp;thereby&nbsp;stimulating&nbsp;trade,&nbsp;culture,&nbsp;and&nbsp;social&nbsp;life.&nbsp;In&nbsp;Izmir,&nbsp;they&nbsp;settled&nbsp;primarily&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;areas&nbsp;around&nbsp;Bornova,&nbsp;Buca,&nbsp;Karşıyaka,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Alsancak.&nbsp;During&nbsp;the&nbsp;years&nbsp;of&nbsp;occupation&nbsp;from&nbsp;1891&nbsp;to&nbsp;1919,&nbsp;they&nbsp;constructed&nbsp;buildings&nbsp;in&nbsp;Izmir&nbsp;that&nbsp;were&nbsp;influenced&nbsp;by&nbsp;the&nbsp;Art&nbsp;Nouveau&nbsp;movement,&nbsp;which&nbsp;had&nbsp;swept&nbsp;across&nbsp;Europe&nbsp;between&nbsp;1890&nbsp;and&nbsp;1910,&nbsp;and&nbsp;reflections&nbsp;of&nbsp;Art&nbsp;Nouveau&nbsp;could&nbsp;be&nbsp;seen&nbsp;on&nbsp;nearly&nbsp;all&nbsp;of&nbsp;these&nbsp;buildings’&nbsp;facades.</p><p> As&nbsp;part&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;project,&nbsp;Art&nbsp;Nouveau&nbsp;decorations&nbsp;in&nbsp;examples&nbsp;of&nbsp;public&nbsp;and&nbsp;civil&nbsp;architecture&nbsp;located&nbsp;in&nbsp;neighborhoods&nbsp;such&nbsp;as&nbsp;Bornova,&nbsp;Karşıyaka,&nbsp;Alsancak,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Buca&nbsp;in&nbsp;Izmir&nbsp;were&nbsp;identified,&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;aim&nbsp;of&nbsp;documenting&nbsp;their&nbsp;current&nbsp;condition.</p><p> <strong style="background-color: white;">Keywords:&nbsp;Izmir,&nbsp;architecture,&nbsp;Art&nbsp;Nouveau,&nbsp;ornamentation.</strong></p><p></p>

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