Periodontal Durum ve Menopoz Arasındaki İlişkinin Klinik, Biyokimyasal ve Mikrobiyal Parametreler Aracılığıyla İncelenmesi
Project no. 21085 · Status: Kapanmış · 2020
Summary
Aim: The decrease in circulating estrogen levels in postmenopausal period affects the susceptibility to many systemic conditions related with immune function. Periodontitis, an inflammatory disease of the tissues surrounding teeth, is a condition occurs due the immune response to the local microbial environment. Our aim was to examine potential differences in the inflammatory response in the periodontal tissues in postmenopausal period, by comparing with a premenopausal group, through clinical, biochemical and microbial parameters. Method: Seventy two regularly mensturating premenopausal women (RMPW) and 76 postmenopausal women (PMW) were included in the study. Periodontal clinical measurements of the individuals were recorded during oral examination. The used biochemical markers were inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-7 and TNF ? and an antiinflammatory cytokine, IL-10. Their salivary and serum levels were determined by ELISA method. The abundances of certain periodontal pathogenic species in dental plaque were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Microbiome analysis service by 16S rRNA sequencind service was purchased for plaque samples of 13 participants. Factorial ANOVA was used as the statistical parametric method. The linear relationship between clinical, microbial and biochemical variables were examined by Spearman or Pearson correlation analysis, all tests were applied at the ?=0.05 significance level. Results: Mean age was 54±5 years in PMW and 40±4 years in RMPW (p<0.000). Mean body mass index and the mean number of missing teeth of PMW were significantly higher than RMPW (p=0.009 and p<0.000, respectively). Despite the age difference, distributions in the periodontal diagnoses and the mean values of periodontal clinical measurements of two groups were similar. The number of participants who were positive for Fusobacterium nucleatum, one of the bacterial species whose amounts were determined by PCR, was higher in MSG (p=0.047). Apart from this, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the rate of positive detection of any bacterial species or the gene copy numbers. In the microbiome analysis, there were differences in the relative abundances of 16 bacterial species between periodontally health pre- and postmenopausal women (p<0.005). Serum IL- 10 ratios were significantly higher in RMPW compared to PMW (p=0.017). There was no difference between the groups in other serum markers. The ratios of salivary IL-7, TNF ? and IL-10 were also found to be significantly higher in RMPW compared to PMW (p=0.021, <0.000, 0.002, respectively). 9 Conclusions: Despite homogeneity in the periodontal clinical measurements and the pathogen levels of the groups, higher serum and salivary IL-10 ratios in the premenopausal group may be associated with the antiinflammatory effect of estrogen. In order to examine the potential relationship between high levels of IL-7 and TNF ? in saliva and the microbiota changes caused by estrogen, we recommend to define the microbiota in pre- and postmenopausal women with high-throughput methods such as next-generation sequencing and to examine the relationship of microbiome data with clinical and biochemical parameters, in future studies.