Optimization of Removal of Sunitinib Malate from Aqueous Solutions by Electro-Fenton Method Using Response Surface Method
Project no. 30744 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2023
Summary
<p>Water is the most essential component for sustaining life. Although water covers 70% of our planet, only 3% of it is drinkable. Under these conditions, water pollution negatively impacts the lives of humans and other living organisms. The demand for water is rising due to rapid population growth, urbanization, and increasing pressures from the agriculture, industry, and energy sectors. Decades of misuse, poor management, over-extraction, and contamination of freshwater and groundwater resources have exacerbated water scarcity and led to the degradation of water-related ecosystems. This situation negatively affects human health, economic activities, and food and energy supplies. Urgent actions are needed to reverse the current trend (Sachs, Kroll, Lafortune, Fuller, & Woelm, 2022). A 2022 study published in the journal PNAS identified 61 different active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and drug substances in regions worldwide inhabited by approximately 471.4 million people. These substances, primarily antibiotics, analgesics, and hormone-like compounds, indicate a growing global threat (Wilkinson et al., 2022). The removal of these substances is critical to reduce the risk of chronic toxicity. Anticancer drug active ingredients are also considered potential pollutants (Li et al., 2021), and due to their cytotoxic effects, they pose a chronic risk to living organisms.</p><p>Sunitinib Malate (SM) is an anticancer drug active ingredient with cytotoxic effects. In our thesis, we used the Electro-Fenton Method (EFM) for the removal of SM from aqueous environments, and we optimized the EFM parameters -voltage, solution pH, Fe²⁺ concentration, and the distance between electrodes- using the Response Surface Methodology. We identified the optimal conditions for SM removal by EFM as 10V, pH 3, Fe²⁺ concentration of 0.2mM, and an electrode spacing of 2cm. Under these conditions, the solid content of one Sutent 12.5mg capsule was added into 200mL of tap water from all districts of İzmir, as well as into artificial body fluids, and successfully removed SM using EFM.</p>