IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL MYCOTOXIGENIC MOLDS IN COMPOSED DIFFERENT ALTERNATION SYSTEMS AND PRODUCED ORGANIC FEEDS IN EGE REGION CONDITIONS
Project no. 574 · Status: Kapanmış · 2014
Summary
Mycotoxins are secondary toxic compounds synthesized by different molds. Mycotoxins are the most dangerous chemical agents in food and feedstuffs that threaten human and animal health. Feed, feed stuffs and other foods can be formed under suitable conditions such as moisture, heat, oxygen and time. In animals and humans consuming food containing mycotoxins produced by molds, subacute, acute, and especially chronic poisonings and deaths occur. Most mycotoxins are synthesized by Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium genus members. Although there are more than 300-400 mycotoxins known today, aflatoxins, ochratoxins, tricotheenes, zearalenones, patulin and fumonisins are found in feed and food, leading to mycotoxins, which are a risk for human and animal health. Forage and fodder crops can become contaminated with mycotoxins by toxic mold development and mycotoxin formation before harvest, during and after harvest and under suitable conditions such as heat and humidity. Feed and feed products; they may become contaminants with mycotoxins after undergoing harvesting, during and after harvest and under suitable conditions such as heat and humidity. At least 1% of cereal and oil seed production in the world becomes unusable due to decay and mold, and close to 25% are contaminated with mycotoxins at different rates. In our study; it is aimed to isolate and identify potential mycotoxin-producing fungi species from soil and feed samples in order to produce organic and non-moldy meats and mycotoxin-free foodstuffs which are the most important determining factors of nutrient value, low cost and quality.In the present study; soil and feed crops taken before and after harvest were used. Dilution based technique was used for the isolation of fungal species of potential mycotoxin producer from 48 soil and 32 crop samples. Isolates belonging to Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria and Cladosporium were obtained phenotypically after incubation. According to our results 17 Aspergillus flavus, 24 Aspergillus amstelodami, 35 Aspergillus terreus, 12 Aspergillus japonicus,1 Aspergillus ostianus, 1 Aspergillus versicolor, 23 Aspergillus ustus, 2 Aspergillus ochraceus, 35 Aspergillus niger, 1 Aspergillus clavatus, 3 Aspergillus wentii, 1 Aspergillus alliaceus, 2 Aspergillus awamori, 25 Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium, 7 Penicillium purpurogenum, 16 Penicillium commune, 4 Penicillium oxalicum, 11 Penicillium citrinum, 1 Penicillium expansum, 5 Penicillium pinophilum, 4 Penicillium decumbens, 3 Penicillium verruculosum, 3 Penicillium chrysogenum, 1 Penicillium aurantiogrisesum, 1 Penicillium brevicompactum, 1 Penicillium glabrum, 1 Penicillium funicolusum, 40 Alternaria spp. and 37 Clodosporium spp. were phenotypically identified. Our work is important because the fungal isolates obtained as a result of our study are potential mycotoxin producing species. These fungal species, which are mycotoxin producers, threaten human and animal health by contaminating animal feed. As a result; Because mycotoxins are toxic and carcinogenic, it has long been known that consumption of contaminated products by humans and animals leads to significant health problems in the past. The ability to minimize the effects of mycotoxins, which cause many diseases that can go on to cancer by showing very different effects on DNA and cellular size, has great prominence in terms of community health.