Glycerol carbonate synthesis over DES-functionalized biochar and improvement of conversion using hybrid processes
Project no. 20194 · Status: Kapanmış · 2018
Summary
<p>In this project, the evaluation of glycerol, which is produced in high amounts as a by-product in biodiesel production, by transesterification method and the production of glycerol carbonate were investigated.</p><p>Although there are many ways of biodiesel production, the most used method is the transesterification reaction; it is produced as a result of esterification of fatty acids with alcohol (such as methanol and ethanol) in the presence of a basic catalyst. For 100 kg of biodiesel produced in this method, 10.5 kg of glycerol is produced. In order to evaluate this huge amount of glycerol, studies have focused on esterification, acetalization, selective oxidation and transesterification reactions of glycerol.</p><p>In this project, glycerol carbonate synthesis was carried out using glycerol and dimethyl carbonate. In the reaction, biochar obtained as a result of carbonization of cellulose obtained from sunflower stalk was used as a catalyst. The synthesis of the catalyst was carried out and its structure was elucidated by different characterization techniques.</p><p>Wastes are evaluated by using cellulose, which is an important component of lignocellulosic biomass, as a catalyst. The parametric study was carried out in a microwave reactor, and conventional heating and microwave heating were compared in a batch reactor.</p><p>In addition, the effect of the addition of deep eutectic solvents to the reaction medium on the reaction efficiency was studied, and for this purpose, three different deep eutectic solvents were synthesized.</p><p>In the synthesis of glycerol carbonate, which is a reversible reaction, the chemical equilibrium limits the conversion of glycerol. Therefore, the conversion is increased by using a larger amount of DMC than glycerol.</p><p>In this study, methanol was removed in two different ways and it was observed that the removal of methanol had a positive effect on the conversion of glycerol.</p>