EFFECT OF SOWING METHODS, HARVESTING TIME AND STORAGE CONDITIONS ON GRAIN YIELD AND QUALITY OF ANISE (Pimpinella anisum L.)
Project no. 22999 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2022
Summary
<p>Anise (<em>Pimpinella anisum </em>L.) holds significant importance as both a medicinal and aromatic plant, extensively utilized across various sectors in Turkey. It finds widespread application not only within the beverage industry but also in food production, perfumery, and pharmacy. This study aims to explore the impact of different planting methods, harvest timings, and storage conditions on the yield and quality of anise. Within the scope of the research, two field trials were conducted under Izmir-Bornova conditions in the 2020 and 2021 growing seasons and one storage trial under controlled conditions in the 2021-22 period. In the field trials conducted, the effects of different planting methods (spreading and planting at 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 cm row spacing) and different harvest times (before ripening and fully ripening) on anise yield and quality were examined. In the storage experiment, the influence of different storage temperatures (-18°C, 4°C, and 25°C) and storage materials (air-permeable versus airtight packaging) on anise seeds was assessed. The results revealed that different planting methods significantly impacted various parameters of anise, including plant height, seed yield, biological yield, thousand grain weight, number of branches per plant, number of umbels per plant, essential oil ratio and essential oil yield. However, the effect on the seed moisture was negligible. The effect of different harvest times was found to be insignificant on most parameters except for seed moisture content, essential oil ratio and essential oil yield. Additionally, storage duration, temperature and packaging material significantly influenced the germination ratio and essential oil content of anise seeds. The experiment demonstrated that sowing at row spacing yielded higher advantages in terms of yield and yield components compared to the spreading method, with the most favorable outcomes observed at a 20 cm row spacing. Regarding essential oil content, harvesting anise plants at full ripening is recommended. Ultimately, the research concluded that storing anise seeds at 4°C with airtight packaging provided optimal conditions for seed germination ratio and essential oil content over a one-year storage period.</p>