INHERITANCE OF MORPHOLOGICAL AND YIELD CHARACTERISTICS IN A BETTINA X NIF CROSS OF POTATO

Project no. 31937 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2023

Summary

<p>In&nbsp;this&nbsp;study,&nbsp;eighteen&nbsp;potato&nbsp;clones&nbsp;selected&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;cross&nbsp;Bettina&nbsp;×&nbsp;Nif&nbsp;and&nbsp;their&nbsp;parents&nbsp;were&nbsp;evaluated&nbsp;for&nbsp;yield,&nbsp;yield&nbsp;components,&nbsp;morphological&nbsp;and&nbsp;quality&nbsp;traits&nbsp;in&nbsp;trials&nbsp;conducted&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;Bornova&nbsp;and&nbsp;Menemen&nbsp;locations&nbsp;during&nbsp;the&nbsp;2024&nbsp;and&nbsp;2025&nbsp;growing&nbsp;seasons.&nbsp;Data&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;two&nbsp;years&nbsp;and&nbsp;two&nbsp;locations&nbsp;were&nbsp;combined&nbsp;according&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;randomized&nbsp;complete&nbsp;block&nbsp;design,&nbsp;and&nbsp;variance&nbsp;components,&nbsp;broad-sense&nbsp;heritability&nbsp;estimates,&nbsp;genetic&nbsp;gain&nbsp;estimates&nbsp;and&nbsp;relationships&nbsp;among&nbsp;traits&nbsp;were&nbsp;examined.&nbsp;</p><p>Broad-sense&nbsp;heritability&nbsp;estimates&nbsp;calculated&nbsp;from&nbsp;variance&nbsp;components&nbsp;were&nbsp;obtained&nbsp;for&nbsp;all&nbsp;traits.&nbsp;For&nbsp;yield&nbsp;and&nbsp;yield&nbsp;components,&nbsp;broad-sense&nbsp;heritability&nbsp;(H)&nbsp;values&nbsp;ranged&nbsp;from&nbsp;0.76&nbsp;for&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;number&nbsp;to&nbsp;0.83&nbsp;for&nbsp;single&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;weight.&nbsp;For&nbsp;morphological&nbsp;traits,&nbsp;heritability&nbsp;values&nbsp;ranged&nbsp;from&nbsp;0.72&nbsp;for&nbsp;leaf&nbsp;width&nbsp;to&nbsp;0.92&nbsp;for&nbsp;branch&nbsp;number.&nbsp;In&nbsp;addition,&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;heritability&nbsp;estimates&nbsp;were&nbsp;obtained&nbsp;for&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;length&nbsp;(0.91)&nbsp;and&nbsp;for&nbsp;dry&nbsp;matter&nbsp;and&nbsp;starch&nbsp;content&nbsp;(0.93).&nbsp;Genetic&nbsp;gain&nbsp;estimates&nbsp;obtained&nbsp;at&nbsp;a&nbsp;selection&nbsp;intensity&nbsp;of&nbsp;s&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.05&nbsp;based&nbsp;on&nbsp;variance&nbsp;components&nbsp;indicated&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;clones&nbsp;selected&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;Bettina&nbsp;×&nbsp;Nif&nbsp;cross&nbsp;could&nbsp;provide&nbsp;genetic&nbsp;gains&nbsp;of&nbsp;1.05&nbsp;tubers&nbsp;for&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;number,&nbsp;26.74&nbsp;g&nbsp;for&nbsp;single&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;weight,&nbsp;205.99&nbsp;g&nbsp;for&nbsp;single&nbsp;plant&nbsp;yield&nbsp;and&nbsp;4.13&nbsp;kg/plot&nbsp;for&nbsp;plot&nbsp;yield.&nbsp;For&nbsp;morphological&nbsp;traits,&nbsp;the&nbsp;estimated&nbsp;genetic&nbsp;gains&nbsp;were&nbsp;1.48&nbsp;cm&nbsp;for&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;length,&nbsp;1.10&nbsp;cm&nbsp;for&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;width,&nbsp;15.03&nbsp;cm&nbsp;for&nbsp;plant&nbsp;height,&nbsp;2.54&nbsp;for&nbsp;branch&nbsp;number,&nbsp;1.99&nbsp;for&nbsp;stem&nbsp;number,&nbsp;29.22&nbsp;for&nbsp;leaf&nbsp;number,&nbsp;0.75&nbsp;cm&nbsp;for&nbsp;leaf&nbsp;length&nbsp;and&nbsp;0.36&nbsp;cm&nbsp;for&nbsp;leaf&nbsp;width.&nbsp;For&nbsp;quality&nbsp;traits,&nbsp;genetic&nbsp;gains&nbsp;were&nbsp;estimated&nbsp;as&nbsp;3.47%&nbsp;for&nbsp;dry&nbsp;matter&nbsp;content&nbsp;and&nbsp;3.28%&nbsp;for&nbsp;starch&nbsp;content.</p><p>Correlation&nbsp;analyses&nbsp;among&nbsp;the&nbsp;traits&nbsp;revealed&nbsp;strong&nbsp;relationships&nbsp;between&nbsp;morphological&nbsp;and&nbsp;yield&nbsp;traits&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;clones&nbsp;selected&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;Bettina&nbsp;×&nbsp;Nif&nbsp;cross.&nbsp;Strong&nbsp;positive&nbsp;correlations&nbsp;were&nbsp;detected&nbsp;between&nbsp;single&nbsp;plant&nbsp;yield&nbsp;and&nbsp;single&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;weight&nbsp;(r&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.919**)&nbsp;and&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;number&nbsp;(r&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.686**),&nbsp;and&nbsp;similarly&nbsp;between&nbsp;plot&nbsp;yield&nbsp;and&nbsp;single&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;weight&nbsp;(r&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.919**)&nbsp;and&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;number&nbsp;(r&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.686**).&nbsp;Among&nbsp;the&nbsp;morphological&nbsp;traits,&nbsp;plant&nbsp;height&nbsp;showed&nbsp;significant&nbsp;positive&nbsp;correlations&nbsp;with&nbsp;single&nbsp;plant&nbsp;yield&nbsp;(r&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.529**)&nbsp;and&nbsp;single&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;weight&nbsp;(r&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.547**),&nbsp;while&nbsp;leaf&nbsp;number&nbsp;was&nbsp;positively&nbsp;and&nbsp;significantly&nbsp;associated&nbsp;with&nbsp;both&nbsp;single&nbsp;plant&nbsp;yield&nbsp;(r&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.545**)&nbsp;and&nbsp;single&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;weight&nbsp;(r&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.537**).&nbsp;Likewise,&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;length&nbsp;and&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;width&nbsp;were&nbsp;positively&nbsp;correlated&nbsp;with&nbsp;both&nbsp;single&nbsp;plant&nbsp;yield&nbsp;(r&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.566**,&nbsp;r&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.498**)&nbsp;and&nbsp;single&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;weight&nbsp;(r&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.580**,&nbsp;r&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.530**).&nbsp;Quality&nbsp;traits,&nbsp;namely&nbsp;dry&nbsp;matter&nbsp;content&nbsp;and&nbsp;starch&nbsp;content,&nbsp;generally&nbsp;showed&nbsp;low&nbsp;and&nbsp;negative&nbsp;relationships&nbsp;with&nbsp;yield&nbsp;parameters.&nbsp;Overall,&nbsp;the&nbsp;clones&nbsp;selected&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;Bettina&nbsp;×&nbsp;Nif&nbsp;cross&nbsp;exhibited&nbsp;promising&nbsp;performance&nbsp;for&nbsp;yield,&nbsp;morphological&nbsp;and&nbsp;quality&nbsp;traits&nbsp;under&nbsp;the&nbsp;Bornova&nbsp;and&nbsp;Menemen&nbsp;conditions&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;2024&nbsp;and&nbsp;2025&nbsp;growing&nbsp;seasons.&nbsp;In&nbsp;particular,&nbsp;clones&nbsp;numbered&nbsp;10-78,&nbsp;10-20,&nbsp;10-117,&nbsp;10-107&nbsp;and&nbsp;10-90&nbsp;were&nbsp;identified&nbsp;as&nbsp;outstanding&nbsp;genotypes&nbsp;in&nbsp;terms&nbsp;of&nbsp;yield,&nbsp;morphological&nbsp;and&nbsp;quality&nbsp;parameters,&nbsp;and&nbsp;therefore&nbsp;been&nbsp;selected&nbsp;for&nbsp;evaluation&nbsp;in&nbsp;advanced&nbsp;generation&nbsp;trials&nbsp;and&nbsp;breeding&nbsp;programs.</p><p>Keywords:&nbsp;Potato&nbsp;clonal&nbsp;selection,&nbsp;heritability,&nbsp;variance&nbsp;components,&nbsp;genetic&nbsp;advance,&nbsp;relationships&nbsp;among&nbsp;traits</p>

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