Effects of Exosomes in Increasing Fat Graft Survival

Project no. 23467 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2022

Summary

Fat tissue plays an active role in energy storage, metabolism, heat regulation, impact absorption and hormone metabolism functions in humans. The application areas of fat grafts continue to develop and renew until today and are used for craniofacial surgery, breast reconstruction, skin scar treatments, radiodermatitis, increased joint mobility after ankylosis surgeries, and reconstruction or aesthetic augmentation in areas with tissue deficiency.       The most common use of fat graft in the field of plastic surgery is for autologous augmentation. Reasons for choosing fat grafts: It is non-immunogenic, biocompatible, abundant, easily obtainable and has natural physiological characters. However, low and unpredictable graft survival remains a major challenge. Despite its frequent use, the mechanisms that ensure the survival and remodeling of fat grafts are still not fully understood. According to many studies, an average of 50% of fat grafts are lost. The main reasons for this resorption are local ischemia and delayed revascularization. As a result, lost fat grafts lead to repeated operations and undesirable results. Various methods are being tried to prevent these losses. These methods include applications such as the application of fat grafts together with platelet rich plasma (PRP) and the application of stem cells in the fat tissue (Adipose tissue-derived stem cells-ASC) together with the fat graft.  ASC can be easily obtained from fat tissue. Its most important features are easy accessibility, high proliferation potential, self-renewal and differentiation potential. What we want to investigate in the study is exosomes that provide intercellular interaction within adipose tissue-derived stem cells. In this study, it was aimed to determine a more reliable and effective treatment by comparing PRP, ASC and exosome treatments with control groups in the survival of fat grafts.

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