History of the Rail System in Izmir Urban Transportation from Its Establishment to the Present
Project no. 23710 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2022
Summary
<p>The Industrial Revolution has brought innovations that facilitate human life in many fields especially in production. One of the most important of these innovations has been the developments in the field of transportation. Rail systems, which started to be seen in intercity transportation before, showed themselves in urban transportation over time. Tramways, which started to operate in European cities from the second half of the XIXth century, began to be seen in Ottoman cities after a short time. İzmir became one of the leading cities among these locations. In this study, the historical and chronological adventure of the rail systems that took their place in the urban transportation of Izmir in the last quarter of the XIXth century will be examined in the process extending to the present day. The evolution of the heritage inherited from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic by the horse-drawn tram to the electric tram, establishment of suburban lines, Izmir Metro, the change of the process from the establishment of IZBAN trains operated in partnership with the Republic of Turkey State Railways and İzmir Metropolitan Municipality and lastly modern tram lines to the present, has been investigated in depth. In addition to the documents in the Ottoman and Republic Archives under the Presidency of State Archives, archive materials in the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Atatürk Library, Izmir Metropolitan Municipality Ahmet Piriştina City Archive and Museum, SALT Research, periodicals of the period, official publications (contracts, reports, municipal council minutes) and second-hand sources (such as memoirs, copyright-reviewed works) were also scanned.</p><p>Thus, the heritage that the Republic inherited from the Ottoman Empire in Izmir’s urban transportation was examined and the change in the process that lasted a century until today was revealed and supported by made maps with all its stages.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Izmir, Izmir Horse Tramway, Izmir Electric Tramway, Izmir Metro, Izmır Suburb (IZBAN), Izmir Tramway</p>