Effects of Chronic Anaerobic Training on Paraoxanase 3 (PON3) Activity and Role of PON3-A665G Polymorphism

Project no. 22773 · Status: Kapanmış · 2021

Summary

<h2>Aim: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the main causes of death in the world. Paraoxonase (PON) enzyme family (PON1, PON2 and PON3) have antioxidant and antiatherosclerotic properties. Low protein levels and activities of these enzymes are risk factors for CHD. In addition, it is stated that the PON3-A665G, PON3-C567T and PON1-L55M polymorphisms (PON3665P, PON3567P and PON1P) of these enzymes are also associated with CHD. In this study, the effects of chronic anaerobic training on serum PON1 and PON3 enzymes protein levels, PON3 lactonase activity (PON3LA), both paraoxonase and lactonase activities (PON1EA, PON1LA) of PON1, and high-density lipoprotein and its subgroups lactonase activities (HDLLA, HDL3LA and HDL2LA) and the role of polymorphisms in these effects were investigated.</h2>Method: The group of male athletes (handball, basketball, volleyball) doing regular anaerobic training (SG: n=36, age=20.56 ± 2.42 years) and the control group (KG: n=39, age= 2.26 ± 3.44 years) were included in the study. After the physical measurements, the YOYO IR-1 test was applied. In addition, the protein levels of PON1 and PON3 enzymes and oxidized LDL (oxLDL) (by ELISA method), the activities of the these enzymes (by kinetic methods) and the specified polymorphisms (from genomic DNA samples) were determined.Results: Although serum lactonase activities (LA) (p=0.050), serum PON3LA (p=0.028) and PON3 (p=0.023) protein levels of SG were lower than KG, oxLDL (p=0.029) levels were higher. In athletes; PON3665P's G carrier group (SGc), serum LA (p=0.017), serum PON3LA (p=0.040), HDLPON3LA (p=0.032), HDL3LA (p=0.023) and serum PON3 protein levels (p=0.027) were significantly lower than control groups. In control groups; HDLLA (p=0.041), HDL3LA (p=0.005), serum PON1LA (p=0.047) activities and serum PON3 (p=0.008) protein level of PON3665P homozygous group for AA (p=0.041) were lower than the G carrier group (KGc). In athletes; the serum PON3LA (p=0.016) of the M carrier genotype group (SMc) of PON1P were significantly lower than the control genotype group. In athletes; the LL (SLL) genotype group of PON1P’s serum HDL2PON1EA (p=0.012), HDL3PON1EA (p=0.045), HDLPON1EA (p=0.021) and PON1EA (p=0.016) were significantly higher than the M carrier group (SMc).Conclusions: These findings indicate that chronic anaerobic training adversely affects the serum oxLDL and PON3 status of athletes. Similarly, although the G carrier group of PON3665P had a genetically better lactonase activity than the AA homozygous group, the fact that the PON3 levels were badly affected by the training which could be caused by an excessive sensitivity of anaerobic trainings. However, it is interesting that the AA group was not adversely affected by the training despite this disadvantage. This situation have been going to clarify with further studies. In addition, the serum PON3LA (p=0.016) of the SMc group in PON1P was adversely affected by the training, could be caused by a lower antioxidant capacity (including PON1EA) than the SLL genotype group. PON3665P and PON1P may have a role in the effects of anaerobic training on serum and HDL and lactonase activities of its subgroups. These findings are the first in the literature. Keywords: Paraoxonase 3, Paraoxonase 1, Paraoxonase polymorphism, Chronic anaerobic training, Lactonase activity, Coronary heart disease.

View details