Evaluation of relation between pregnancy complications and periodontal diseases with clinical periodontal and microbiological data
Project no. 359 · Status: Kapanmış · 2018
Summary
Objective: Maternity-related factors and some environmental factors are affecting the possible complications of pregnancy. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease and it has been suggested to be a potential factor for pregnancy complications such as preterm birth, low birth weight and preeclampsia. The present study aimed to investigate the presence and amount of some periodontopathogenic bacteria such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.n) and Porphyromonas Gingivalis (P.g) in subgingival plaque and placenta samples comparatively in women giving normal birth, women with preterm birth, and women with the diagnosis of preeclampsia. Materials and Methods: The inclusion criteria fort he women were having the first pregnancy and being a never smoker. Probing depth and clinical attachment levels, plaque and bleeding on probing scores were recorded at 4 sites of each tooth present. Placenta samples were collected immediately after the delivery. Presence and load of A. a, P. g ve F. n were determined in the placenta samples. Data were evaluated using appropriate statistical tests. Results: The present study is completed with 50 women with preterm delivery, 35 women with preeclampsia, and 35 women with normal pregnancy and normal delivery (control group). Age of the women and clinical periodontal parameters of probing depth, clinical attachment level were all similar in the study groups (p>0,05). Plaque and bleeding scores were significantly lower in the control group compared to the preterm birth and preeclampsia groups (p = 0,021 and p = 0,032, respectively). Control group revealed significantly lower levels of bacteria in the placenta samples compared to the other groups (0,009, 0,023, 0,034). Preterm birth and preeclampsia groups exhibited similar levels of bacteria (p>0,05). Data from the subgingival plaque samples were similar in the study groups. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that the levels of periodontopathogenic bacteria in placenta may be related with the pregnancy complications such as preterm birth and preeclampsia. Further studies with larger scale are required to support these findings. Keywords: Periodontal disease, Preterm birth, Preeclampsia