Cellular-Level Evaluation of the Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes in a Retinal Pigment Epithelium Culture Model of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy

Project no. 32123 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2024

Summary

<p>The&nbsp;retinal&nbsp;pigment&nbsp;epithelium&nbsp;plays&nbsp;a&nbsp;critical&nbsp;role&nbsp;in&nbsp;maintaining&nbsp;both&nbsp;the&nbsp;anatomical&nbsp;integrity&nbsp;and&nbsp;functional&nbsp;activity&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;retinal&nbsp;photoreceptor&nbsp;layer,&nbsp;as&nbsp;well&nbsp;as&nbsp;the&nbsp;continuity&nbsp;of&nbsp;choroidal&nbsp;vascularization.&nbsp;Alterations&nbsp;in&nbsp;retinal&nbsp;pigment&nbsp;epithelium&nbsp;differentiation&nbsp;may&nbsp;lead&nbsp;to&nbsp;various&nbsp;retinal&nbsp;pathologies,&nbsp;including&nbsp;rod-cone&nbsp;dystrophies,&nbsp;inherited&nbsp;macular&nbsp;degeneration,&nbsp;age-related&nbsp;macular&nbsp;degeneration,&nbsp;and&nbsp;proliferative&nbsp;vitreoretinopathy&nbsp;(PVR).&nbsp;Since&nbsp;there&nbsp;is&nbsp;currently&nbsp;no&nbsp;established&nbsp;definitive&nbsp;treatment&nbsp;for&nbsp;PVR,&nbsp;the&nbsp;potential&nbsp;effects&nbsp;of&nbsp;alternative&nbsp;therapeutic&nbsp;approaches,&nbsp;particularly&nbsp;stem&nbsp;cell–based&nbsp;therapies,&nbsp;are&nbsp;being&nbsp;extensively&nbsp;investigated.</p><p>Exosomes&nbsp;secreted&nbsp;by&nbsp;mesenchymal&nbsp;stem&nbsp;cells&nbsp;(MSC-Exos)&nbsp;are&nbsp;phospholipid&nbsp;biomolecular&nbsp;vesicles&nbsp;containing&nbsp;proteins,&nbsp;lipids,&nbsp;and&nbsp;various&nbsp;nucleotides.&nbsp;MSC-Exos&nbsp;have&nbsp;attracted&nbsp;considerable&nbsp;attention&nbsp;as&nbsp;innovative&nbsp;therapeutic&nbsp;agents&nbsp;because&nbsp;of&nbsp;their&nbsp;involvement&nbsp;in&nbsp;a&nbsp;variety&nbsp;of&nbsp;physiological&nbsp;and&nbsp;pathological&nbsp;processes,&nbsp;including&nbsp;neural&nbsp;regeneration,&nbsp;atherosclerosis,&nbsp;fibrosis,&nbsp;and&nbsp;immune&nbsp;regulation.&nbsp;Exosomes,&nbsp;which&nbsp;participate&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;transmission&nbsp;of&nbsp;biological&nbsp;signals&nbsp;and&nbsp;can&nbsp;influence&nbsp;the&nbsp;behavior&nbsp;of&nbsp;recipient&nbsp;cells&nbsp;by&nbsp;carrying&nbsp;functional&nbsp;biomolecules,&nbsp;are&nbsp;capable&nbsp;of&nbsp;communicating&nbsp;locally&nbsp;or&nbsp;systemically&nbsp;and&nbsp;may&nbsp;affect&nbsp;various&nbsp;biological&nbsp;processes&nbsp;such&nbsp;as&nbsp;immune&nbsp;responses,&nbsp;tissue&nbsp;regeneration,&nbsp;and&nbsp;disease&nbsp;progression.&nbsp;Investigation&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;therapeutic&nbsp;effects&nbsp;of&nbsp;mesenchymal&nbsp;stem&nbsp;cells&nbsp;in&nbsp;ocular&nbsp;disease&nbsp;models&nbsp;has&nbsp;therefore&nbsp;emerged&nbsp;as&nbsp;a&nbsp;current&nbsp;and&nbsp;significant&nbsp;area&nbsp;of&nbsp;research.</p><p>The&nbsp;aim&nbsp;of&nbsp;this&nbsp;study&nbsp;was&nbsp;to&nbsp;investigate&nbsp;the&nbsp;effects&nbsp;of&nbsp;mesenchymal&nbsp;stem&nbsp;cell–derived&nbsp;exosomes&nbsp;on&nbsp;proliferation,&nbsp;apoptosis,&nbsp;and&nbsp;wound&nbsp;healing&nbsp;in&nbsp;an&nbsp;in&nbsp;vitro&nbsp;PVR&nbsp;model.&nbsp;As&nbsp;a&nbsp;result&nbsp;of&nbsp;this&nbsp;research,&nbsp;the&nbsp;cellular&nbsp;effects&nbsp;of&nbsp;MSC-Exos&nbsp;on&nbsp;maintaining&nbsp;retinal&nbsp;pigment&nbsp;epithelium&nbsp;cell&nbsp;function&nbsp;and&nbsp;integrity&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;elucidated.&nbsp;In&nbsp;addition,&nbsp;this&nbsp;study&nbsp;is&nbsp;expected&nbsp;to&nbsp;contribute&nbsp;novel&nbsp;insights&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;literature&nbsp;regarding&nbsp;PVR&nbsp;modeling&nbsp;and&nbsp;treatment.</p>

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