Investigation of the Effects of Apelin Application on Neurogenesis in Newborns in an Experimental Preeclampsia Rat Model
Project no. 22010 · Status: Kapanmış · 2020
Summary
In this study, Wistar albino female rats weighing 200-250 g were divided into four experimental groups as Control, Apelin, Preeclampsia and Preeclampsia+Apelin. While an increase was observed in the mean arterial pressure measurements on the 11th and 17th days in the Preeclampsia group, a decrease was observed on the 17th day in the Preeclampsia+Apelin group. In the analysis of urine protein levels, an increase was observed in the Preeclampsia group on the 12th and 18th days, while the increase in the Preeclampsia+Apelin group on the 12th day decreased on the 18th day. Newborn number, weight and brain weight decreased in the Preeclampsia group. It was determined that the increase in serum creatinine and total protein levels in the Preeclampsia group decreased in the Preeclampsia+Apelin group. In the analyzes made to confirm the preeclampsia model; edema in glomeruli and dilatation in proximal-distal tubules in Preeclampsia group maternal kidney; edema in the villi, perivillous fibrin deposition and an increase in syncytial nodes were observed in placenta. In immunohistochemical examinations, VEGF decreased in the Preeclampsia group, while an increase in iNOS immunoreactivity was detected. In the Preeclampsia+Apelin group, these findings were found to be closer to the Control and Apelin groups. As a result of histochemical examinations in the neonatal brain tissue, neurogenesis process was observed to be normal in the Control and Apelin groups. Reduction in the number of cells in the cerebral cortex and cytotoxic edema in the Preeclampsia group; delay in migration in the hippocampus, thickening of the EGL in the cerebellum, and an increase in the intercellular spaces between the EGL-MZ. Decreased NeuN, DCX, GFAP, Notch, NSE, MBP and increased Iba-1 immunoreaction were seen. It was observed that brain IL-10, eNOS, nNOS and NO levels decreased. All these findings reveal that the neurogenesis process is impaired in the brain of pregnant newborns with preeclampsia. In the Preeclampsia+Apelin group, these findings were close to the control group. As result, findings were obtained that apelin may be beneficial in preventing negative consequences of preeclampsia. Further experimental and clinical studies are required for a better understanding of these effects and their clinical use.