Kirazda Silisyum Uygulamalarının Meyve Kalitesine ve Hasat Sonrası Dayanımına Etkisinin Belirlenmesi
Project no. 22862 · Status: Kapanmış · 2021
Summary
<p>Sweet cherry is one of our most important export products. Since sweet cherry is a very sensitive fruit, it is essential to ensure quality fruit production during the cultivation stage. It is possible to prevent fruit losses by increasing the fruit quality and post-harvest strength in sweet cherries with pre-harvest applications during the cultivation stage.</p><p>Silicon is considered a useful element in many countries due to its numerous benefits in plant growth and development in many plant species under abiotic or biotic stress conditions. Silicon can have a positive effect on fruit quality with its use during harvest and post-harvest. In this study, in which the ‘0900 Ziraat’ cherry variety grafted on Gisela 6 rootstock was used, silicon applications were carried out to increase the fruit quality of the sweet cherry and protect this quality until it reaches the consumer in the process of export. Calcium silicate (Ca2SiO3), potassium silicate (K2SiO3) and silicon dioxide (SiO2)were applied to cherry trees through their leaves 3 times from the fruit set at doses of 5 mM, 10 mM, and 15 mM. Measurements and analyses of sweet cherry fruits were carried out during and after harvest after a shelf life of 2 days. The other sweet cherry fruits were stored in modified atmosphere packages (MAP) at 0±0.5°C and 90-95% relative humidity for 7, 14, and 21 days and fruit quality characteristics were determined after a shelf life of 2 days. In this study, the weights and sizes of the fruit increased with silicon applications. While the fruit weights were found approximately 10 g with 5, 10, and 15 mM Ca2SiO3 and 10 mM K2SiO3 applications, they were over 10 g with 5 mM SiO2 and 10 mM SiO2 applications. Although there were no significant differences in the firmness of the fruits, especially the firmness of fruit with 10 mM K2SiO3 application was found to be high at the end of harvest and after storage plus shelf life. Total soluble solids, titratable acid (TA) amount and total phenol content of fruits increased with the applications, however, their antioxidant activities were not significant. Silicon applications did not have any significant effect on weight loss after storage and after storage plus shelf life. L*, a* and b* values decreased with silicon applications. The chlorophyll content of the leaves increased with the applications. In studies, so far, carried out in different species, K2SiO3 has been used mostly as the silicon source. However, it was determined in this study that Ca2SiO3 and SiO2 applications can also be used effectively. Silicon applications in cherry cultivation increased fruit weight and size, especially 5 mM and 10 mM SiO2 applications were determined to have significant effects on fruit weight and size, the amount of total soluble solids and phenol, and the fruit removal force. In conclusion, the study results showed that the use of silicon applications containing different silicon sources (Ca2SiO3, K2SiO3, and SiO2) in cherry cultivation has positive effects on increasing fruit quality and maintaining this quality.</p>