Effect of P-Cresol Levels on Survival in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Project no. 33035 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2025
Summary
<p><strong>Objective</strong></p><p>The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum p-cresyl sulfate levels measured once at baseline and all-cause hospitalization and mortality during one-year follow-up in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis therapy.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods</strong></p><p>This multicenter, observational study included a total of 260 hemodialysis patients followed at three different dialysis centers (Private Karşıyaka Dialysis Center, Private Milas Dialysis Center, and Private Bodrum Dialysis Center). Serum p-cresyl sulfate levels were measured once at baseline in all patients. Patients were followed for 12 months and evaluated for all-cause hospitalization and mortality. Group comparisons were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test. The relationship between p-cresyl sulfate levels and total number of hospitalization days was assessed using Spearman correlation analysis. In addition, the effect of p-cresyl sulfate levels on hospitalization and mortality was evaluated using <strong>multivariable logistic regression analysis.</strong></p><p><strong>Results</strong></p><p>No statistically significant difference was observed in serum p-cresyl sulfate levels between patients with and without hospitalization (p>0.05). Similarly, no significant difference in p-cresyl sulfate levels was found between patients who died during follow-up and those who survived (p>0.05). There was no significant correlation between serum p-cresyl sulfate levels and total number of hospitalization days (r=0.030; p=0.627). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, p-cresyl sulfate levels were not identified as an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality or all-cause hospitalization (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Discussion</strong></p><p>Although p-cresyl sulfate is considered an important uremic toxin due to its potential inflammatory and cardiovascular effects, the findings of this study indicate that serum p-cresyl sulfate levels measured once at baseline were not sufficient to predict major clinical outcomes such as hospitalization and mortality in hemodialysis patients. These results emphasize the multifactorial nature of these clinical outcomes and suggest that a single biochemical marker may have limited prognostic value.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p><p>In this multicenter cohort of hemodialysis patients, serum p-cresyl sulfate levels measured once at baseline were not associated with all-cause hospitalization or mortality during one-year follow-up. These findings suggest that p-cresyl sulfate alone may not be a reliable prognostic biomarker in this patient population. </p>