Can Complement System Proteins Predict Kidney Involvement in lgA vasculitis?

Project no. 23640 · Status: Kapanmış · 2022

Summary

Background In immunoglobulin A vasculitis, renal involvement determines the clinical outcome and is seen in approximately 30%-50% of cases. Nephropathy (IgAV-N), which can lead to end-stage renal disease, may develop in 1-2% of IgAV children. IgA-mediated complement activation is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of IgAV-N. The aim of this study is to determine whether serum complement proteins are increased in children with IgAV-N.Methods This study included 44 pediatric patients aged 2-18 years old and 34 healthy controls who were diagnosed with IgAV according to EULAR/PReS criteria at the Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology at Ege University between April 2021 and January 2024. Clinical laboratory findings of the patients were obtained from the electronic file. Serum membrane attack complex (C5b-9), complement factor H (CFH), mannose-binding lectin, mannose-binding lectin-related serine protease-1 proteins levels were measured with the ELISA Kit.Results A total of 78 children were included in this study, 44 IgAV (33 IgAV without renal involvement, 11 IgAV-N with renal involvement) and 34 healthy children. Serum complement factor H protein value was found to be lower in IgAV cases and compared to healthy children (p = 0.01). Serum C5b-9 was found to be lower in IgAV-N cases (37.8±125.37 ng/ml) than in IgAV cases without renal involvement (3272.75±17080 ng/ml). (p=0.03). Conclusions: CFH has a more important role in the pathogenesis of IgAV than previously thought. Serum C5b-9 levels can be used to predict renal involvement in cases with active IgA vasculitis.

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