STUDIES ON DEVELOPMENT OF HAPLOID AND DOUBLED HAPLOID IN SOME IMPORTANT LOCAL PEPPER VARIETIES
Project no. 23658 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2022
Summary
<p>Obtaining pure lines is the most important step in the breeding of local varieties, and the time and effort spent in traditional breeding are the most important disadvantages. On the other hand, anther culture is the most successful technique used in pepper breeding to obtain 100% homozygous lines in a short time and at low cost. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of anther culture technique to obtain haploid and doubled haploid plants of two local pepper cultivars. In this study, two local pepper genotypes, 'Üçburun' cultivar and 'Qarn Al-Ghazal' cultivar, were used. Dumas de Vaulx et al. (1981) and Murashige and Skoog (1962) media were used as nutrient media. In trials; different media, whether subcultures were made, whether the medium contained activated charcoal or AgNO3 were tested. For each application; The number of well-developed anthers, healthy and infected planted anthers, the number of embryos, the number of callus, the number of plants, and the rates of transformation into plants were determined or calculated. In the case of 'Üçburun' pepper genotype, the medium containing 0.5 mg/l BAP, 4 mg/l NAA, 0.25% activated charcoal, 7 g/l agar, 30 g/l sucrose and 15 mg/l AgNO3 and pH=5.8 gave the best results with a 4.85% plant conversion rate. In the case of 'Qarn Al-Ghazal' pepper genotype, the most successful results were obtained by the medium Dumas de Vaulx containing Kinetin + 2,4-D, with a 2.61% plant conversion rate. Depending on the genotype nutrient media contained 0.25% activated charcoal + 15 mg/l AgNO3 increased embryo formation. After subculturing the cultivar 'Üçburun', all of the embryos obtained, except those in medium 1, turned into plants. When other factors were ignored, 'Üçburun' pepper yielded more successful results than 'Qarn Al-Ghazal' genotype. Results related to ploidy level; showed that 88% of the plants developed from the obtained embryos have haploid chromosome numbers. The results from this study show that doubled haploid plants can be used as a potential tool for breeding local pepper varieties.</p>