Research on The Detection of Fungal Root and Crown Rot Diseases in Some Shrub Ornamental Plants in Landscape Areas

Project no. 21472 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2020

Summary

In this study, surveys were carried out in 6 different districts of İzmir, where outdoor ornamental plant production is most intense. Surveys were made for shrub-shaped plants, which have economic importance and have an important place in terms of production and marketing. A total of 150 shrub-shaped plants showing disease symptoms and asymptomatic symptoms were sampled from 35 different nurseries in Balçova, Bayındır, Ödemiş, Tire, Torbalı and Urla districts.Among the samples isolated after surveys, there are 30 Lavandula angustifolia (lavender), 8 Lavandula dentata (lavender), 2 Lavandula lanata (lavender), 6 Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary), 4 Origanum vulgare (thyme), 8 Laurus nobilis (bay laurel) , 16 Buxus sempervirens (boxwood), 2 Hebe andersonii (hebe bush), 11 Nandina domestica (heavenly bamboo), 5 Santolina chamaecyparissus (lavender), 5 Westringa fruticosa (coastal rosemary), 5 Cupressus macrocarpa (lemon cypress), 12 Euonymus japonica (evergreen spindle), 2 Abelia grandiflora (butterfly bush), 1 Pistacia lentiscus (mastic tree), 13 Salvia officinalis (sage), 14 Pittosporum tobira 'nana' (Australian laurel), 2 Cineraria maritima (dusty miller) and 4 Thuja occidentalis (western cedar) plants. Morphological and molecular identification of fungal disease agents that cause root and crown rot diseases in shrub-shaped plants, which are important for cultivation in outdoor ornamental plant production areas, were made. As a result of the isolations, a total of 128 isolates were obtained, 24 from Balcova, 9 from Odemis, 46 from Bayındır, 15 from Torbalı, 28 from Urla, and 15 from Tire. Of the Balcova isolates, 58.33% Fusarium spp., 25% Macrophomina spp., and 8.33% Cylindrocarpon spp. has been obtained. Rhizoctonia spp. in all Odemis isolates has been obtained. Of the Bayındır isolates, 42.85% Fusarium spp., 37.14% Pestalotiopsis spp. and 20.00% Cylindrocarpon spp. has been obtained. Of the Torbalı isolates, 93.33% Fusarium spp. and 6.66% Cylindrocarpon spp. has been obtained. Of the Urla isolates, 67.85% Rhizoctonia spp. and 32.14% Fusarium spp. has been obtained. Of the Tire isolates, 70.58% Fusarium spp. and 29.41% Cylindrocarpon spp. has been obtained. After the morphological diagnosis was made, the pathogenicity test was performed to determine the virulence of the isolates. The most virulent isolates in the pathogenicity test are F2 (100.00%) and F10 (88.88%) isolates belonging to Fusarium spp. As a result of the molecular diagnosis made after the pathogenicity test, the most virulent isolates were F2 isolate Fusarium oxysporum and F10 isolate Fusarium solani. In the molecular identification of Rhizoctonia species, the R2 isolate was found to be Rhizoctonia solani. After the molecular identification stage, the identified isolates were entered into the NCBI gene database, and their similarities with the world isolates were determined and phylogenetic analysis was performed.

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