Determination of Morphological, Agronomical and Quality Characteristics of Potato Clones

Project no. 31934 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2024

Summary

<p>This&nbsp;study&nbsp;was&nbsp;conducted&nbsp;during&nbsp;the&nbsp;spring&nbsp;and&nbsp;autumn&nbsp;growing&nbsp;seasons&nbsp;of&nbsp;2025&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;experimental&nbsp;fields&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;Department&nbsp;of&nbsp;Field&nbsp;Crops,&nbsp;Faculty&nbsp;of&nbsp;Agriculture,&nbsp;Ege&nbsp;University,&nbsp;using&nbsp;a&nbsp;randomized&nbsp;complete&nbsp;block&nbsp;design&nbsp;with&nbsp;three&nbsp;replications.&nbsp;Fourteen&nbsp;potato&nbsp;clones&nbsp;selected&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;Atlantic&nbsp;×&nbsp;101&nbsp;(Nif)&nbsp;and&nbsp;6/7&nbsp;×&nbsp;122&nbsp;cross&nbsp;combinations,&nbsp;together&nbsp;with&nbsp;their&nbsp;parents,&nbsp;were&nbsp;evaluated&nbsp;for&nbsp;morphological,&nbsp;yield,&nbsp;and&nbsp;quality&nbsp;traits.&nbsp;According&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;combined&nbsp;analysis&nbsp;of&nbsp;variance,&nbsp;clone&nbsp;and&nbsp;clone&nbsp;×&nbsp;season&nbsp;interaction&nbsp;were&nbsp;significant&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;p≤0.01&nbsp;level&nbsp;for&nbsp;all&nbsp;traits&nbsp;investigated.&nbsp;The&nbsp;season&nbsp;source&nbsp;of&nbsp;variation&nbsp;was&nbsp;significant&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;p≤0.01&nbsp;level&nbsp;for&nbsp;plant&nbsp;height,&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;branches,&nbsp;leaf&nbsp;width,&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;tubers,&nbsp;single&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;weight,&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;length,&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;index,&nbsp;dry&nbsp;matter&nbsp;content,&nbsp;and&nbsp;starch&nbsp;content,&nbsp;and&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;p≤0.05&nbsp;level&nbsp;for&nbsp;maturity&nbsp;period&nbsp;and&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;width.&nbsp;In&nbsp;contrast,&nbsp;differences&nbsp;between&nbsp;seasons&nbsp;were&nbsp;not&nbsp;statistically&nbsp;significant&nbsp;for&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;stems,&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;leaves,&nbsp;leaf&nbsp;length,&nbsp;yield&nbsp;single&nbsp;plant,&nbsp;and&nbsp;plot&nbsp;yield.</p><p>In&nbsp;the&nbsp;spring&nbsp;season,&nbsp;clone&nbsp;5-171&nbsp;produced&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;plant&nbsp;height&nbsp;(62.17&nbsp;cm),&nbsp;while&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;11-367&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;numbers&nbsp;of&nbsp;branches&nbsp;and&nbsp;stems,&nbsp;with&nbsp;8.37&nbsp;and&nbsp;6.48,&nbsp;respectively.&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-172&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;leaves&nbsp;(115.58),&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-108&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;leaf&nbsp;length&nbsp;(2.63&nbsp;cm),&nbsp;and&nbsp;Clones&nbsp;11-301&nbsp;and&nbsp;5-94&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;mean&nbsp;for&nbsp;leaf&nbsp;width&nbsp;(1.53&nbsp;cm).&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-108&nbsp;also&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;longest&nbsp;maturity&nbsp;period,&nbsp;reaching&nbsp;maturity&nbsp;in&nbsp;91.00&nbsp;days.&nbsp;Among&nbsp;these&nbsp;clones,&nbsp;5-171,&nbsp;5-172,&nbsp;5-108,&nbsp;and&nbsp;5-94&nbsp;originated&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;6/7&nbsp;×&nbsp;122&nbsp;cross&nbsp;combination,&nbsp;whereas&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;11-367&nbsp;and&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;11-301&nbsp;belonged&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;Atlantic&nbsp;×&nbsp;101&nbsp;(Nif)&nbsp;cross&nbsp;combination.&nbsp;Regarding&nbsp;yield&nbsp;and&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;traits,&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-94&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;tubers&nbsp;(10.00),&nbsp;while&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-173&nbsp;produced&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;single&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;weight&nbsp;(113.54&nbsp;g),&nbsp;single&nbsp;plant&nbsp;yield&nbsp;(794.98&nbsp;g&nbsp;plant⁻¹),&nbsp;plot&nbsp;yield&nbsp;(10.44&nbsp;kg),&nbsp;and&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;width&nbsp;(5.45&nbsp;cm).&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;11-231&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;mean&nbsp;in&nbsp;terms&nbsp;of&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;length&nbsp;(6.47&nbsp;cm)&nbsp;and&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;index&nbsp;(131.04).&nbsp;Clones&nbsp;5-94&nbsp;and&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-173&nbsp;belonged&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;6/7&nbsp;×&nbsp;122&nbsp;cross&nbsp;combination,&nbsp;whereas&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;11-231&nbsp;originated&nbsp;from&nbsp;Atlantic&nbsp;×&nbsp;101&nbsp;(Nif).&nbsp;In&nbsp;terms&nbsp;of&nbsp;quality&nbsp;traits,&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;11-301&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;Atlantic&nbsp;×&nbsp;101&nbsp;(Nif)&nbsp;cross&nbsp;combination&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;dry&nbsp;matter&nbsp;content&nbsp;(24.80%)&nbsp;and&nbsp;starch&nbsp;content&nbsp;(18.13%).</p><p>In&nbsp;the&nbsp;autumn&nbsp;season,&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-171&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;plant&nbsp;height&nbsp;and&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;leaves,&nbsp;with&nbsp;means&nbsp;of&nbsp;65.00&nbsp;cm&nbsp;and&nbsp;107.92,&nbsp;respectively.&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-111&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;branches&nbsp;(4.83),&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;11-231&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;stems&nbsp;(5.58),&nbsp;and&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-173&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;leaf&nbsp;length&nbsp;and&nbsp;leaf&nbsp;width,&nbsp;with&nbsp;mean&nbsp;of&nbsp;2.73&nbsp;and&nbsp;1.63&nbsp;cm,&nbsp;respectively.&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-111&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;longest&nbsp;maturity&nbsp;period,&nbsp;reaching&nbsp;maturity&nbsp;in&nbsp;95.00&nbsp;days.&nbsp;Clones&nbsp;5-171,&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-111,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-173&nbsp;belonged&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;6/7&nbsp;×&nbsp;122&nbsp;cross&nbsp;combination,&nbsp;whereas&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;11-231&nbsp;originated&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;Atlantic&nbsp;×&nbsp;101&nbsp;(Nif)&nbsp;cross&nbsp;combination.&nbsp;Regarding&nbsp;yield&nbsp;and&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;traits,&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-173&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;tubers&nbsp;(7.00)&nbsp;and&nbsp;plot&nbsp;yield&nbsp;(8.31&nbsp;kg).&nbsp;Clones&nbsp;11-231&nbsp;and&nbsp;Clones&nbsp;11-274&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;single&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;weights,&nbsp;with&nbsp;mean&nbsp;of&nbsp;105.98&nbsp;and&nbsp;105.78&nbsp;g,&nbsp;respectively,&nbsp;while&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;11-213&nbsp;produced&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;yield&nbsp;per&nbsp;plant&nbsp;(560.71&nbsp;g&nbsp;plant⁻¹).&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;11-231&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;mean&nbsp;for&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;width&nbsp;(4.90&nbsp;cm)&nbsp;and&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;length&nbsp;(6.64&nbsp;cm),&nbsp;whereas&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-94&nbsp;had&nbsp;the&nbsp;highest&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;index&nbsp;(154.03).&nbsp;Clones&nbsp;5-173&nbsp;and&nbsp;Clones&nbsp;5-94&nbsp;belonged&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;6/7&nbsp;×&nbsp;122&nbsp;cross&nbsp;combination,&nbsp;while&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;11-231,&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;11-274,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;11-213&nbsp;belonged&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;Atlantic&nbsp;×&nbsp;101&nbsp;(Nif)&nbsp;cross&nbsp;combination.&nbsp;Regarding&nbsp;quality&nbsp;traits,&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;11-301&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;Atlantic&nbsp;×&nbsp;101&nbsp;(Nif)&nbsp;cross&nbsp;combination&nbsp;was&nbsp;superior&nbsp;for&nbsp;both&nbsp;dry&nbsp;matter&nbsp;and&nbsp;starch&nbsp;contents,&nbsp;with&nbsp;values&nbsp;of&nbsp;24.45%&nbsp;and&nbsp;17.80%,&nbsp;respectively.</p><p>Comparison&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;growing&nbsp;seasons&nbsp;showed&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;spring&nbsp;season&nbsp;produced&nbsp;higher&nbsp;means&nbsp;for&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;branches&nbsp;(4.56),&nbsp;days&nbsp;to&nbsp;maturity&nbsp;(90.00&nbsp;days),&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;tubers&nbsp;(6.20),&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;width&nbsp;(4.56&nbsp;cm),&nbsp;dry&nbsp;matter&nbsp;content&nbsp;(22.19%),&nbsp;and&nbsp;starch&nbsp;content&nbsp;(15.67%).&nbsp;In&nbsp;contrast,&nbsp;the&nbsp;autumn&nbsp;season&nbsp;was&nbsp;superior&nbsp;in&nbsp;terms&nbsp;of&nbsp;plant&nbsp;height&nbsp;(50.19&nbsp;cm),&nbsp;leaf&nbsp;width&nbsp;(1.41&nbsp;cm),&nbsp;single&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;weight&nbsp;(72.47&nbsp;g),&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;length&nbsp;(5.64&nbsp;cm),&nbsp;and&nbsp;tuber&nbsp;index&nbsp;(127.28).&nbsp;No&nbsp;significant&nbsp;differences&nbsp;were&nbsp;determined&nbsp;between&nbsp;the&nbsp;growing&nbsp;seasons&nbsp;for&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;stems,&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;leaves,&nbsp;leaf&nbsp;length,&nbsp;single&nbsp;plant&nbsp;yield&nbsp;and&nbsp;plot&nbsp;yield.</p><p>Overall,&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-171,&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-172,&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-111,&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-108,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Clone&nbsp;5-94&nbsp;were&nbsp;distinguished&nbsp;by&nbsp;their&nbsp;morphological&nbsp;traits;&nbsp;Clones&nbsp;5-173,&nbsp;5-171,&nbsp;5-172,&nbsp;5-94,&nbsp;11-213,&nbsp;and&nbsp;11-231&nbsp;by&nbsp;their&nbsp;yield;&nbsp;and&nbsp;Clones&nbsp;11-301&nbsp;and&nbsp;Clones&nbsp;5-111&nbsp;by&nbsp;their&nbsp;quality&nbsp;traits.&nbsp;Based&nbsp;on&nbsp;these&nbsp;results,&nbsp;the&nbsp;selected&nbsp;clones&nbsp;were&nbsp;considered&nbsp;suitable&nbsp;for&nbsp;further&nbsp;evaluation&nbsp;in&nbsp;advanced-generation&nbsp;trials&nbsp;and&nbsp;potato&nbsp;breeding&nbsp;programs.</p><p></p>

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