Investigation of Common Sole (Solea solea) Populations in Turkish Seas Using Molecular Genetic and Otolith Shape Analysis Methods

Project no. 29579 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2023

Summary

<p> In&nbsp;this&nbsp;study,&nbsp;the&nbsp;otolith&nbsp;morphometry&nbsp;and&nbsp;population&nbsp;genetics&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;common&nbsp;sole&nbsp;(<em>Solea&nbsp;solea</em>),&nbsp;an&nbsp;economically&nbsp;highly&nbsp;valuable&nbsp;species&nbsp;widely&nbsp;distributed&nbsp;across&nbsp;Turkish&nbsp;territorial&nbsp;waters,&nbsp;were&nbsp;investigated.&nbsp;By&nbsp;integrating&nbsp;newly&nbsp;collected&nbsp;samples&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;coastal&nbsp;provinces&nbsp;of&nbsp;Adana,&nbsp;Aydın,&nbsp;İzmir,&nbsp;Edirne,&nbsp;Tekirdağ,&nbsp;Bursa,&nbsp;and&nbsp;Sinop&nbsp;with&nbsp;existing&nbsp;database&nbsp;records,&nbsp;a&nbsp;total&nbsp;of&nbsp;29&nbsp;haplotypes&nbsp;were&nbsp;identified.&nbsp;Across&nbsp;the&nbsp;sampled&nbsp;stations,&nbsp;nucleotide&nbsp;diversity&nbsp;(π)&nbsp;ranged&nbsp;from&nbsp;0.0008&nbsp;to&nbsp;0.0068,&nbsp;while&nbsp;haplotype&nbsp;diversity&nbsp;(h)&nbsp;varied&nbsp;between&nbsp;0.167&nbsp;and&nbsp;1.000.&nbsp;Although&nbsp;station-based&nbsp;analyses&nbsp;revealed&nbsp;a&nbsp;patchy&nbsp;population&nbsp;structure,&nbsp;group-based&nbsp;analyses&nbsp;demonstrated&nbsp;significant&nbsp;genotypic&nbsp;stock&nbsp;differentiation,&nbsp;as&nbsp;revealed&nbsp;by&nbsp;AMOVA&nbsp;(ɸCT=0.52;&nbsp;p&lt;0.01).&nbsp;Demographic&nbsp;analyses&nbsp;indicated&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;Eastern&nbsp;Mediterranean&nbsp;population&nbsp;exhibits&nbsp;signals&nbsp;of&nbsp;demographic&nbsp;expansion&nbsp;under&nbsp;a&nbsp;founder&nbsp;effect,&nbsp;characterized&nbsp;by&nbsp;low&nbsp;genetic&nbsp;diversity&nbsp;(Fu’s&nbsp;Fs&lt;0;&nbsp;p&lt;0.02).&nbsp;In&nbsp;contrast,&nbsp;the&nbsp;Aegean&nbsp;Sea&nbsp;Basin&nbsp;population,&nbsp;also&nbsp;displaying&nbsp;low&nbsp;genetic&nbsp;diversity,&nbsp;appears&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;in&nbsp;mutation-drift&nbsp;equilibrium&nbsp;(Fu’s&nbsp;Fs&lt;0;&nbsp;p&gt;0.02).&nbsp;In&nbsp;the&nbsp;quality&nbsp;control&nbsp;of&nbsp;EFD&nbsp;normalization,&nbsp;all&nbsp;otolith&nbsp;groups&nbsp;(left&nbsp;and&nbsp;right)&nbsp;were&nbsp;successfully&nbsp;validated.&nbsp;Cumulative&nbsp;Fourier&nbsp;power&nbsp;analysis&nbsp;indicated&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;first&nbsp;14&nbsp;harmonics&nbsp;(H=14)&nbsp;accounted&nbsp;for&nbsp;99%&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;otolith&nbsp;shape&nbsp;variation.&nbsp;Furthermore,&nbsp;otolith&nbsp;shape&nbsp;variation&nbsp;was&nbsp;found&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;independent&nbsp;of&nbsp;fish&nbsp;length&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;studied&nbsp;sample&nbsp;group,&nbsp;eliminating&nbsp;the&nbsp;need&nbsp;for&nbsp;mathematical&nbsp;allometric&nbsp;size&nbsp;correction.&nbsp;Furthermore,&nbsp;to&nbsp;contribute&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;sustainable&nbsp;management&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;species,&nbsp;this&nbsp;study&nbsp;puts&nbsp;forward&nbsp;that&nbsp;the&nbsp;Mediterranean&nbsp;and&nbsp;Aegean&nbsp;Sea&nbsp;Basins&nbsp;should&nbsp;be&nbsp;managed&nbsp;as&nbsp;distinct&nbsp;genotypic&nbsp;stocks,&nbsp;emphasizing&nbsp;the&nbsp;critical&nbsp;importance&nbsp;of&nbsp;assessing&nbsp;genetic&nbsp;diversity&nbsp;before&nbsp;implementing&nbsp;biologically-based&nbsp;stock&nbsp;management&nbsp;strategies.</p>

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