EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF THE USE OF OLIVE PRESS CAKE AS CASING MATERIAL IN THE PRODUCTION OF Agaricus bisporus MUSHROOM ON THE YIELD, NUTRIENTS, MACRO-MICRO ELEMENT AND ANTIOXIDANT CONTENT OF THE MUSHROOM
Project no. 30808 · Status: Kapanmış · 2023
Summary
<p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of olive press cake (OPC) as an alternative casing material for the cultivation of white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus). Five casing material formulations combining peat (P) and OPC in weight ratios of 1:1, 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1 (w/w) were evaluated in addition to a peat-only control. The effect of these formulations on mushroom yield, nutrient composition, macro and micro element concentrations, and lignocellulosic and chemical changes in the cover material were analysed using FTIR spectroscopy. Among the treatments, mushroom yields ranged from 1523,9 g 7 kg-1 compost (P1:OPC1) to 2339,4 g 7 kg-1 compost (P3:OPC1), with P2:OPC1, P3:OPC1 and P4:OPC1 formulations achieving significantly higher yields compared to the peat-only control 1671,6 g 7 kg-1 compost). Mushrooms grown on the P1:OPC1 formulation had higher protein (up to 29.33%), ash (13.57%) and crude fat (2.44%) contents and lower total carbohydrate levels compared to the other treatments. Macroelement analysis revealed significant increases in potassium (up to 7.18 g/100 g dry weight) and phosphorus (1.83 g/100 g) in mushrooms grown in the P1:OPC1 formulation. In addition, microelement concentrations including copper (15.65 mg/kg), zinc (44.7 mg/kg) and manganese (2.60 mg/kg) were significantly enriched in mushrooms from the P1:OPC1 treatment. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the extensive degradation of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the preservation materials under the influence of fungal enzymatic activity. These results indicate that OPC-enriched preservation formulations not only increase mushroom yield and nutrient composition, but also improve macro- and microelement contents, underlining their potential as a sustainable alternative to peat in mushroom cultivation.</p>