The Effects of aerobic exercise on paraoxonase 3 protein levels and the role of paraoxonase 3-746 and paraoxonase 3-567 polymorphisms
Project no. 685 · Status: Kapanmış · 2018
Summary
In this study, the effect of aerobic exercise on blood paraoxonase 3 protein levels and the role of paraoxonase 3-746 and paraoxonase 3-567 polymorphisms were investigated in regularly trained male referees and control. Method: As athletic group (AG), 46 healthy and male trained athletes (soccer referee, age; 23.3 ± 2.8 years) and as control group (CG), 43 sedentary (age; 23.2 ± 3.3 years) participated in the present study. Yoyo intermitent endurance (Level 2) test was performed to determine the aerobic endurance capacities of the participants. Serum PON1, PON2, PON3 and oxidized LDL (oxLDL) protein levels (by ELISA method), plasma thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) (by a colorimetric method), oxidative stres index (OSI) as serum total oxidant and antioxidant status (TOS/TAS ratio) and serum PON1 enzyme activity (PON1EA) (by a kinetic method), and blood lipids and lipoproteins (BLLPs) (using standard enzymatic-kinetic methods) were determined from participants's postprandial venous blood samples. PON3-746 and PON3-567, PON2-S311C and PON1-L55M polymorphisms were determined from genomic DNA samples. Results: TAS and Yoyo test values of the AG were significantly higher than those of the CG (p=0.001), whereas PON1 (p=0.012), oxLDL (p=0.011) and OSI (p=0.008) values were lower. There was no significant difference between AG and CG for other parameters. Since, allele and genotype frequency values in PON3-746 and PON3-567 polymorphisms are the same, only the first was taken as the basis. Almost all athletic genotype groups had significantly higher TAS and Yoyo values than those of the control groups, whereas, OSI values were lower. Although it was not significant, PON1EA value of CC homozygous group at PON3 polymorphism was lower than that of both control (22.4%) and the T-carrier (Tc = CT + TT) genotype groups (20.1%, p>0.05) and the LDL-C value of the CC genotype group was also higher than the Tc group. At PON2-S311C polymorphism, the athletic SS homozygous group’s PON1 protein level was significantly lower than the control (p <0.05). Although it was not significant, the athletic C carrier (Cc = SC + CC) group’s HDL-C value (13.1%) was higher than the control. And this difference was associated with the indicated polymorphism (F (1.85) = 4.522, p = 0.036). At PON1-L55M polymorphism; The PON1 value of athletic LL homozygous group was significantly lower than the control group (p = 0.013), whereas the PON1EA value was significantly higher than both that of the M carrier group (Mc=LM+MM) (p = 0.005) and the control (p>0.05). No significant role of the PON polymorphisms was no found on the differences found for PON proteins and the other parameters between AG and CG genotype groups (excet for HDL-C). Conclusions and Recommendations: These results suggest that the aerobic training; (a) significantly improves aerobic and antioxidant capacity in most athletes (including genotype groups) and decreases oxidative stress, (b) significantly decreases PON1 levels of all athletic groups (except genotype groups of PON3 polymophism), c) does not significantly affect PON2 and PON3 levels, d) decreases PON1EA values of CC homozygous group at PON3 polymorphism and increases its LDL-C levels, e) increases LL homozygous group’s PON1EA values of PON1-L55M), f) increases the HDL-C levels of the C carrier group of PON2-S311C polymophism (depending on the polymorphism), g) does not have a significant role of the specified PON polymorphisms on the differences found for PON proteins and the other parameters (except HDL-C). This type of studies are recommended doing with a large number of people.