Probiotic Added Bee Patty Preparation, Stabilization and Shelf Life Study
Project no. 23543 · Status: Kapanmış · 2022
Summary
<p>American Foulbrood Disease, which is one of the many bacterial diseases that threaten the health of Apis mellifera, causes serious problems in our country and in the world. The bacterium that causes American foulbrood is Paenibacillus larvae. Among the methods used to control American Foulbrood Disease; antibiotic treatment (oxytetracycline, tylosin and streptomycin), selective breeding, use of bioactive essential oils, use of fatty acids, support of colonies with propolis, royal jelly and probiotics. Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that benefit the host by enhancing the beneficial effects of the native microbiota. With the use of probiotics, both pesticide toxicity decreases and the possibility of antibiotic resistance is reduced and it prevents the transfer to bee products. Therefore, probiotic administration is considered as an alternative to chemical and antibiotic administration in American Foulbrood Disease. In the early spring period, beehives are checked for nutrient stock and pollen deficiency. While Bee Cake protects the colony from the risk of starvation, it also supports the production of offspring with its pollen content. In this study, it was aimed to add and stabilize probiotic microorganisms to bee cake by microsphere method in order to support bees in terms of nutrition and reproduction and to treat American Foulbrood disease.</p><p>In the trials, F55 and Molasses were tried as alternative carbon sources for a medium that can be found suitable for commercial use. Lactobacillus species produced an average of 1 logarithm more growth than Molasses growth F55 as a carbon source. Therefore, molasses was determined as an alternative carbon source. Two different temperatures, 27oC and 37oC, were tried to determine the appropriate incubation temperature for Lactobacillus. Especially in L.plantarum, 37oC was preferred since there is a difference of 1 logarithm. Both the spectrophotometric method and the Total Colony Count method were used to determine the optimum incubation time of Lactobacillus structure. The optimum incubation time for Lactobacillus species is 18-20 hours on average.</p><p>After all the optimum conditions are met, L.plantarum is kept in the Bee Cake with the Microsphere method. In order to count the viability of L.plantarum coated with the microsphere method and added to the Bee Cake, the cross-links formed in the microspheres must be broken. For this, vortexing was applied at different times from 1 minute to 10 minutes. It has been found that 1 minute is sufficient to break the crosslinks and layers with a difference of 1 logarithm between 1 minute of vortexing and 10 minutes. The vitality of L.plantarum, which is coated with the microsphere method and added to the bee cake, ignites at 4oC and 25oC. It was used because it can survive 1 logarithm more at 4oC than at 25oC. Glycerol preservation at 3 different strengths in order to stabilize the microspheres, but the expected effect was not observed in all 3 potentials.</p>