DETERMINATION OF THE PALAEOGEOGRAPHICAL AND GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HISTORIC HARBOURS OF THE CITY OF İZMİR INCLUDED IN THE UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE TENTATIVE LIST AND OTHER HISTORIC HARBOURS ALONG THE COASTS OF İZMİR USING CORE DRILLING

Project no. 32336 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2024

Summary

<p class="ql-align-center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>İzmir&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;city&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;history&nbsp;dating&nbsp;back&nbsp;approximately&nbsp;8,500&nbsp;years.&nbsp;The&nbsp;Historic&nbsp;Port&nbsp;City&nbsp;of&nbsp;İzmir&nbsp;was&nbsp;inscribed&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;UNESCO&nbsp;World&nbsp;Heritage&nbsp;Tentative&nbsp;List&nbsp;in&nbsp;2020.&nbsp;Natural&nbsp;and&nbsp;cultural&nbsp;properties&nbsp;that&nbsp;meet&nbsp;the&nbsp;criteria&nbsp;established&nbsp;by&nbsp;the&nbsp;UNESCO&nbsp;World&nbsp;Heritage&nbsp;Committee&nbsp;and&nbsp;are&nbsp;considered&nbsp;to&nbsp;be&nbsp;of&nbsp;outstanding&nbsp;value&nbsp;to&nbsp;humanity,&nbsp;taking&nbsp;into&nbsp;account&nbsp;their&nbsp;architectural,&nbsp;historical,&nbsp;aesthetic,&nbsp;cultural,&nbsp;economic,&nbsp;social,&nbsp;symbolic,&nbsp;and&nbsp;philosophical&nbsp;characteristics,&nbsp;are&nbsp;defined&nbsp;as&nbsp;“World&nbsp;Heritage”&nbsp;and&nbsp;are&nbsp;regarded&nbsp;as&nbsp;worthy&nbsp;of&nbsp;protection.&nbsp;Türkiye&nbsp;currently&nbsp;has&nbsp;21&nbsp;properties&nbsp;inscribed&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;World&nbsp;Heritage&nbsp;List,&nbsp;two&nbsp;of&nbsp;which&nbsp;-Ephesus&nbsp;and&nbsp;Pergamon-&nbsp;are&nbsp;located&nbsp;in&nbsp;İzmir&nbsp;Province.&nbsp;In&nbsp;this&nbsp;respect,&nbsp;the&nbsp;future&nbsp;inscription&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;Historic&nbsp;Port&nbsp;City&nbsp;of&nbsp;İzmir&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;World&nbsp;Heritage&nbsp;List&nbsp;is&nbsp;of&nbsp;particular&nbsp;importance.&nbsp;Likewise,&nbsp;the&nbsp;heritage&nbsp;sites&nbsp;of&nbsp;Çeşme&nbsp;and&nbsp;Foça&nbsp;are&nbsp;currently&nbsp;included&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;Tentative&nbsp;List.&nbsp;Similar&nbsp;nomination&nbsp;processes&nbsp;may&nbsp;also&nbsp;be&nbsp;possible&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;future&nbsp;for&nbsp;Urla&nbsp;Limantepe–Klazomenai,&nbsp;Seferihisar&nbsp;Teos–Sığacık,&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;Gediz&nbsp;Delta–Kuşcenneti–Panaztepe&nbsp;areas.&nbsp;Our&nbsp;palaeogeographical&nbsp;and&nbsp;geoarchaeological&nbsp;research,&nbsp;based&nbsp;primarily&nbsp;on&nbsp;core&nbsp;drilling,&nbsp;is&nbsp;ongoing&nbsp;at&nbsp;several&nbsp;ancient&nbsp;settlement&nbsp;sites,&nbsp;particularly&nbsp;Ulucak&nbsp;Höyük,&nbsp;Yeşilova&nbsp;Höyük,&nbsp;Bayraklı–Tepekule&nbsp;Höyük&nbsp;(Old&nbsp;Smyrna),&nbsp;Smyrna&nbsp;and&nbsp;its&nbsp;Agora,&nbsp;Urla&nbsp;Limantepe&nbsp;and&nbsp;Klazomenai,&nbsp;Çeşme&nbsp;Bağlararası&nbsp;Höyük,&nbsp;Menemen&nbsp;Panaztepe,&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;ancient&nbsp;city&nbsp;and&nbsp;harbours&nbsp;of&nbsp;Teos&nbsp;in&nbsp;Seferihisar.&nbsp;The&nbsp;inclusion&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;Historic&nbsp;Port&nbsp;City&nbsp;of&nbsp;İzmir&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;UNESCO&nbsp;World&nbsp;Heritage&nbsp;Tentative&nbsp;List&nbsp;has&nbsp;further&nbsp;increased&nbsp;the&nbsp;significance&nbsp;of&nbsp;these&nbsp;studies.&nbsp;In&nbsp;this&nbsp;context,&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;particularly&nbsp;important&nbsp;to&nbsp;determine&nbsp;the&nbsp;changes&nbsp;that&nbsp;have&nbsp;occurred&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;natural&nbsp;environments&nbsp;and&nbsp;coastlines&nbsp;of&nbsp;İzmir&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;earliest&nbsp;human&nbsp;settlements&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;present&nbsp;day.&nbsp;Changes&nbsp;in&nbsp;these&nbsp;natural&nbsp;environments&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;reconstructed&nbsp;through&nbsp;the&nbsp;examination&nbsp;of&nbsp;detrital&nbsp;materials&nbsp;(alluvial&nbsp;and&nbsp;marine&nbsp;sediments)&nbsp;accumulated&nbsp;during&nbsp;the&nbsp;Holocene,&nbsp;that&nbsp;is,&nbsp;over&nbsp;approximately&nbsp;the&nbsp;last&nbsp;11.7&nbsp;thousand&nbsp;years,&nbsp;beginning&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;Neolithic&nbsp;period.&nbsp;However,&nbsp;because&nbsp;such&nbsp;sediments&nbsp;represent&nbsp;relatively&nbsp;recent&nbsp;and&nbsp;ongoing&nbsp;depositional&nbsp;sequences,&nbsp;investigating,&nbsp;observing,&nbsp;and&nbsp;analysing&nbsp;their&nbsp;internal&nbsp;characteristics&nbsp;and&nbsp;structures&nbsp;requires&nbsp;core&nbsp;drilling.&nbsp;Core&nbsp;drilling&nbsp;therefore&nbsp;forms&nbsp;the&nbsp;methodological&nbsp;basis&nbsp;of&nbsp;our&nbsp;research.&nbsp;Through&nbsp;our&nbsp;long-term&nbsp;studies&nbsp;conducted&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;coastal&nbsp;and&nbsp;inland&nbsp;areas&nbsp;of&nbsp;İzmir,&nbsp;changes&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;natural&nbsp;environments&nbsp;surrounding&nbsp;the&nbsp;ancient&nbsp;settlements&nbsp;mentioned&nbsp;above&nbsp;are&nbsp;being&nbsp;reconstructed.&nbsp;<strong>This&nbsp;paper&nbsp;presents&nbsp;a&nbsp;summary&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;results&nbsp;obtained&nbsp;during&nbsp;the&nbsp;final&nbsp;two&nbsp;years&nbsp;of&nbsp;our&nbsp;research&nbsp;within&nbsp;the&nbsp;scope&nbsp;of&nbsp;project&nbsp;SB-GAP-2024-32336,&nbsp;supported&nbsp;by&nbsp;the&nbsp;Ege&nbsp;University&nbsp;Scientific&nbsp;Research&nbsp;Projects&nbsp;Coordination&nbsp;Unit.&nbsp;We&nbsp;gratefully&nbsp;acknowledge&nbsp;the&nbsp;Ege&nbsp;University&nbsp;Scientific&nbsp;Research&nbsp;Projects&nbsp;Coordination&nbsp;Unit&nbsp;for&nbsp;its&nbsp;support.</strong></p><p></p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong>&nbsp;Bayraklı&nbsp;Mound,&nbsp;Gediz&nbsp;Delta,&nbsp;Panaztepe,&nbsp;Smyrna,&nbsp;Limantepe,&nbsp;Klazomenai,&nbsp;Çeşme&nbsp;Bağlararası,&nbsp;Teos.</p>

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