Determination of the Effect of Biochar Applications on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Tobacco
Project no. 24020 · Status: Kapanmış · 2022
Summary
<h3>ABSTRACT</h3><p><strong> </strong></p><p> This study was carried out on the basis of the leaf elemental composition (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, B, Na and Cl), color parameters (L*, a* and b*), SPAD value, value of the leaf in Virginia tobacco cultivars of different doses of biochar applications. It was carried out to determine the effects on membrane permeability, raw ash, nicotine, total reducing sugar, plant height, leaf number, leaf width, leaf length protein and phenolic, flavanoid content. According to the randomized plots trial design, Virginia K-326 tobacco variety (<em>Nicotiana tabacum</em> L.) was used in 3 replications and in the study carried out as a pot trial, 1-control (B0), 2- Biochar 10 tons/ha (B1), Biochar 20 tons/ ha (B2), biochar 40 tons/ha (B3), biochar 80 tons/ha (B4).</p><p> With the effect of biochar application doses, the macro elements (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) levels of tobacco generally were increased according to the cutting times (1st and 2nd crushing). The highest values were determined in the B4 (80 t/ha) application and the smallest values were determined in the B4 (80 t/ha) application of which values for B0 (control) application. The increase in the levels of micro plant nutrients (Fe, Zn, Mn and B) elements of the leaf showed a qubic change. While taking the large values, it took the smallest values in the B0 application.</p><p> Chlorine and cupper elements have the highest and lowest values in B4 and B0 applications, respectively. It was observed that the amount of sodium increased as the applied biochar dose increased. Na was determined in the range of 1088.85-2101.76 mg/kg in the first crushed samples and 1379.66-1924.97 mg/kg in the second crushed samples. Maximum values were obtained in B4 application in terms of Na in both harvest periods.</p><p> The color (L*, a* and b*) values of the leaves were observed in the 1st and 2nd decimation samples in B2, B3 and B0 applications. It was observed that the amount of nicotine increased linearly as the dose of biochar application increased, and the maximum and minimum values were determined in B4 and B0 applications at both crushing times, respectively. In the present study, the amount of nicotine obtained at the second slaughter time was higher than the first slaughter samples.</p><p> Results were obtained for the first and the second crushing samples varying between 17.73-24.28% and 18.39-24.62%, respectively. In general, there was no significant difference in both leaf cutting time.</p><p> The SPAD value of the leaf increased with the biochar application dose and the SPAD value was listed as B4 >B3>B2>B1>B0. The membrane permeability (MG) value of the leaf was determined as 25.90-37.25% in the first crushing period and 26.90-40.50% in the second crushing period. The raw ash amount was obtained in the highest in B4 application (21.94% and 19.05%) and the lowest values (17.89% and 17.01%) were obtained in B0 application, in both crushing times, respectively. With biochar applications, the minimum plant height was determined as 66.0 cm and the minimum number of leaves was determined as 34.3 in B0 application, and the highest plant height was 121.9 cm and the maximum number of leaves was 45.3 in B4 dose.</p><p> </p><p> <strong>Keywords</strong>: Biochar, plant nutrient, nicotine, color parameter (L*, a*, b*), SPAD, tobacco (<em>Nicotiana tabacum</em> L.).</p>