The Effect of the Oral Self-Care Protocol on Mucositis and Self-Care Agency According to Orem's Self-Care Deficiency Theory in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies Receiving High-Dose Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Study
Project no. 22294 · Status: Kapanmış · 2020
Summary
<p><br></p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted in order to examine the effect of oral self-care protocol based on Orem’s Self-Care Deficiency Theory on oral mucositis and self-care agency.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study was conducted as a randomized controlled trial between August 2021 and July 2022, patients with hematological malignancies receiving high-dose chemotherapy at the İzmir Ege University Faculty of Medicine Hospital and İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital (Bornova). The sample of the study consisted of a total of 60 patients, including 30 application groups and 30 control groups, who met the inclusion criteria using the computer-based stratified randomization method. The study data were collected using "Patient Information Questionnaire," "WHO-Oral Mucositis Toxicity Scale," "Oral Assessment Guide," "Self-Care Agency Scale," "Data Collection Form Prepared According to Orem's Self-Care Deficiency Nursing Theory," "Oral Care Chart," and "Oral Cavity Photography." The oral self-care protocol, which includes training and oral care practices, was applied to the intervention group for 21 days from the beginning of chemotherapy treatment. The control group was not subjected to any oral care attempts by the researcher and received standard nursing care in the clinic. The data were evaluated by descriptive statistics, the Chi-square test, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Mc Nemar test, the Kappa compliance test, and the t test in dependent and independent groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of oral mucositis was statistically lower in the oral self-care protocol group (6.7%) compared to the control group (46.7%) (p=0.000), the severity of oral mucositis on days 7 and 14 was lower in the application group compared to the control group (p<0.05), there was no statistically significant difference in the severity of oral mucositis on day 21. monitoring (p > 0.05), the mean duration of oral mucositis was lower in the intervention group 5.0±2.82 days, with a median of 5.0 (range: 3-7) days than in the control group 10.50 ± 3.63 days, with a median of 10.0 (range: 7-14) days (p=0.000), the mean score of the daily oral assessment guide on days 7, 14, and 21 was lower in the application group compared to the control group (p<0.05) and it was found that the average daily self-care agency scores on day 21 were higher of intervention group than the control group (p=0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It has been determined that the oral self-care protocol prepared according to Orem's Self-Care Deficiency Theory has an effect on reducing the incidence, severity, and duration of oral mucositis in patients with hematological malignancies receiving high-dose chemotherapy and increasing the agency of self-care.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>chemotherapy; hematological malignancy; oral mucositis; oral self-care protocol; Orem’s theory; self-care agency; nursing</p>