Investigation The Effects Of Vertebrate Insulin And Glucagon Hormones On Autophagy Period Occurring In Insect Fat Body
Project no. 558 · Status: Kapanmış · 2016
Summary
In vertebrates, insulin and glucagon hormones play important roles in hormonal control of sugar metabolism, maintaining the homeostasis, growth and development. Various studies showed that peptides, similar with vertebrate peptides, are found in insects. Investigation of their possible effects on insect physiology is substantial for clarification of their evolutionary development period. Fat body of insects is an organ analogue to vertebrate adipose tissue and liver and plays an essential role in synthesis of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids and their storage. Because of these complex functions, fat body is a main target for insect hormones such as neural hormones, ecdysone, juvenil hormone, insulin and glucagon like peptides. Like Bombyx mori, insects which don’t show any feeding activity during pupal and adult stages, substances and energy which are required for continuation of life and development of tissues and organs are provided by fat body during autophagy process. It has been reported that autophagy is also important for maintaining the vertebrate liver homeostasis and researches found tight interaction between metabolism diseases such as obesity, diabetes and autophagy in liver. In addition to this, autophagy in liver is regulated by hormones and it is stimulated bu glucagon and inhibited by insulin. In this project, the expression of genes related to autophagy and ecdysone receptor complex elements in fat body of Bombyx mori increased after glucagon application. Whereas insulin administration has different effects depending on the time of administration. The morphological analysis and gene expression analysis showed that the effects of insulin and glucagon on insect fat body are similar to those in mammals and that these effects are mediated by the ecdysone receptor complex.