The effect of brown mustard produced by pre-plant on yield, quality and some soil properties in processing tomato production
Project no. 327 · Status: Kapanmış · 2016
Summary
In order to achieve high yield in monocultural agriculture, commercial mineral fertilizers and synthetic pesticides are increasingly being used. Intensive agricultural activity; with the decrease of the organic matter in the soil, the destruction of soil microorganism activities, soil erosion, increase of different diseases and harmful factors, environmental pollution and deterioration of the natural balance has brought along problems. The cultivation of the same species every year instead of the implementation of the crop rotation program caused undesirable changes in soil structure. In the regions where intensive processing tomato production is carried out, such as the Torbalı district of İzmir province, continuous tomato cultivation causes similar problems to increase every day. This research was carried out to solve these problems, in this context we intended for the creation appropriate crop rotation program (corn, wheat, bean, fallow), and brown mustard (Brassica juncea L.) were grown as a pre-plant for Torbalı region. Brown mustard were grown and mixture to soil at the full flowering period before tomato cultivation, at the Faculty of Agriculture at Ege University experimental site. In addition, yield and some quality parameters were examined for all species, also before tomato and pre-plant (brown mustard) cultivation physical, chemical and biological activities of the soil were evaluated. According to the results pre-pelant application improved the organic matter composition of the soil and soil nitrogen content increased after the three-year cultivation, while available phosphorus and potassium content were not affect at the significant level. Soil microbiological and biological activities increase in the 2 parcel crop rotation (Tomato, Bean, Brown mustard, Tomato, Bean, Brown mustard, Tomato), the 4 parcel crop rotation (Tomato-Bean-Wheat-Wheat-Bean-Brown mustard-Tomato), and 6 parcel crop rotation (Tomato-Bean-Fallow-Tomato-Bean-Fallow-Tomato) at the rate of 18-30%. The end of the three- year crop rotation program the 2 parcel crop rotation (Tomato, Bean, Brown mustard, Tomato, Bean, Brown mustard, Tomato) produces 6399 kg/de tomato yield and 1203 tomato paste yield, the 3 parcel crop rotation (Tomato-Corn-Wheat-Wheat-Corn-Brown mustard-Tomato) shown the highest tomato 6348 kg7de, and tomato paste yield 1171 kg/da. In addition, during the application crop rotation the number of weeds decreased particularly for Sorghum halapense.. Solanum nigrum, Convolvulus arvnesis and Amaranthus retroflexus. Key words: Brown mustard, crop rotation, tomato, soil nutrient, soil biological properties