Determination of Gene Region Responsible for Ribotoxin Production in Microfungi, Research of Ribotoxin Production and Investigation of Cytotoxic Effect in Some Cancer Cells
Project no. 23816 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2022
Summary
<p class="ql-align-justify">The aim of our study is to determine the presence of a gene region responsible for ribotoxin production in microfungi and to perform ribotoxin production from microfungi with this gene region and to investigate its cytotoxic effect on some cancer cells in case of production.</p><p class="ql-align-justify">Fungal secondary metabolites known as ribotoxins are members of a family of ribosome inactivating proteins. They cause cell death through apoptosis and inhibit protein synthesis by exhibiting a highly specific nucleolytic activity on a phosphodiester bond in the highly conserved sarcin/ricin domain in 28S rRNA.</p><p class="ql-align-justify">In our study, 165 microfungi were isolated from various agricultural land soils, soils in regions with extreme conditions such as around thermal spring waters, storages of spices offered for open sale and plant-based animal feed raw materials, and silos. Phenotypic identification of all isolated fungi was performed at the genus level using phenotypic methodsKQ1-KQ2 primers, which are said to be specific for the gene area causing ribotoxin synthesis in fungi, were used in PCRs to examine whether the ribotoxin gene region was present in any genotypically characterized isolates.In addition, the presence of the ribotoxin gene region in all fungal isolates was examined by performing PCR operations with a second primer pair specific to the ribotoxin gene region.</p><p class="ql-align-justify">The PCR products that were produced were forwarded to be sequenced. Finch TV (Blast) and ApE were used to assess the sequence findings of the analysis. On the publicly accessible GenBank website, https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi (NCBI), the nucleotide sequences were compared and their commonalities were investigated. Six out of 165 fungal isolates had the ribotoxin gene region present, according to the research. The ITS gene region is a universally conserved gene region in fungi. The microfungi in which the gene region responsible for ribotoxin production was detected were sent for sequence analysis by performing PCR with ITS1 and ITS4 primers. The ITS gene region is a universally conserved gene region in fungi. The microfungi in which the gene region responsible for ribotoxin production was detected were sent for sequence analysis by performing PCR with ITS1 and ITS4 primers. The obtained results were examined on the NCBI page and genotypic species determination was carried out.The specific ribonuclease activity (release of α-fragment) of ribotoxins was determined for 6 fungal isolates in which the ribotoxin gene region was detected, and the activity of the isolates to cleave a nucleotide fragment of approximately 400 bases from 28S RNA was examined. As a result of this examination, 4 isolates showed this activity. The production of 4 fungal isolates showing α-fragment release activity was performed in a defined medium for ribotoxin production and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed. Later, after partial purification and ribotoxin production from these isolates, cell culture and cytotoxicity studies were performed.</p><p class="ql-align-justify">Human liver cancer cell line HepG2, human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC1, human lung cancer cell line A549, prostate cancer cell line PC3 and breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and healthy human lung fibroblast cell line CCD 34 LU cells were used in the study. M.T.T (3-(4,5-Di methyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Di phenyl tetrazolium Bromide) test was performed to examine the cytotoxic effect of the produced ribotoxin samples on cancer cells.</p>