Isolation and identification of microfungus with potential decomposition detected on historical residues in İzmir Archeology Museum.
Project no. 21188 · Status: Kapanmış (Yayın bekleniyor) · 2019
Summary
<p>Historical artifacts are the most important remains that tell the past of a country as well as all people. We can say that these works, which have come from the past to these days and should remain from these days to the future, are the treasures of civilization and bridges connecting the past and the present. Many historical buildings are destroyed as a result of physical, chemical and biological degradation and wear. The most important of these factors is biodegradation because irreversible losses are experienced. Biodegradation; It can be defined as the development and damage of unwanted microorganisms on an object. Biodegradation is often considered part of the natural aging process of stone. However, biological growth is destructive and it is very important to develop a control mechanism in order to prevent or control this destruction. These cultural heritages will be preserved for a longer period of time by cleaning, repairing, consolidating and maintaining the stone works at regular intervals after the protection stages. Fungi need organic matter for their growth. Existing microbial communities on the stone surface utilize metabolic intermediates and polysaccharides from storage materials. Fungi are also important decomposers in nature and play a role in the degradation of natural stones by forming a mutualistic, symbiotic and pathogenic lifestyle with other living groups. What makes these fungi so important is that they have a wide variety of effective metabolites and secondary metabolites. In this study, 100 microfungi were isolated from precious stones exhibited and stored in the Izmir Archaeological Museum. Phenotypic determination was made for each of the 100 microfungi and for 20 samples known to play an important role in the destruction of stones. For genotypic determination, PCR method using ITS1 and ITS4 primers, which are specific universal primers for the ITS gene region, which is the conserved gene region in fungi, was used. 15 of the obtained PCR products were sent for sequencing analysis. Sequence results from sequence analysis were evaluated using Finch TV (Blast) and APE program. Species determination was made by comparing nucleotide sequences and examining similarity in GenBank's https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi (NCBI) website.</p>