Reconsideration of the Listening Skill Scale: Comparison of the Listening Skills of the Students of Psychological Counseling and Guidance in Accordance with Various Variables.
Makaleler > Tam Makale · 2012
Yazarlar: Zeynep Cihangir-Cankaya
Educational Sciences Theory & Practice, Uluslararası, Wos, 2012, cilt 12, ss 2370-2376
Özet
AbstractThere are two main objectives of this study: The first is to reconsider the Listening Skill Scale and the second is to compare the levels of students of counseling and guidance according to the situations of whether they took the courses including the listening skills and to gender variable. In accordance with these objectives, the data obtained from 371 university students were primarily subjected to exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. In addition, item-total score/point correlations of the scale were assessed and sub and upper point groups of 27% were compared with t-test. Cronbach Alpha reliability was calculated for the reliability of the scale. In accordance with the second objective the research, 528 students studying at psychological counseling and guidance undergraduate programs of several universities were reached. Two-factor vaiance analysis was used in the analyses of the data. It was found out that listening skill of the students of counseling and guidance did not differ according to whether they took the courses including this skill and it, on the other hand, showed significant difference according to gender variable.Key WordsListening Skill, Communication, Counseling Skills, Counselor Education.Establishment and maintenance of good and effective relationships are possible with the establishment of a good communication among the individuals. The fundamental way of establishing a good communication, on the other hand, is to be able to listen to the person you talk to effectively (Cihangir-Cankaya, 2011). According to De Vito (1995), on the other hand, the process of listening is circular. Reactions of someone have the characteristics of warning for the other and the other's reactions also bear the same characteristic for the other. De Vito explains listening with a series composed of total five stages as perceiving, understanding, recalling, evaluating and responding.Listening skill, in literature, Have been studied over several sample groups in some descriptive and experimental investigations. For example, Drollinger, Comer, and Warrington (2006) developed active empathic listening scale for the purpose of measuring the active emphatic listening skills of those working in sales sector. In another study, the workers were trained for reflective listening education and effectiveness of this was examined (Rautalinko & Lisper, 2004). A study was conducted by Doveston (2007) to improve children's listening and social skills. Phillips (1999) analyzed effective listaning skill within the context of mediation. In another research, listening attitudes of nurses were investigated within the framework of their relationships with their patients (Gilbert, 2004). In addition, there is an investigation in which effective listening skill was dealt within the facilitating factors in the process of decision-making within the framework of doctor-patient relationship (Rhonda et al., 2002). There are also studies where effective listening skill was discussed in marital relationship (Gottman, Coan, Carrerre, & Swanson, 1998; Hafen & Craneb, 2003; Pasupathi, Carstensen, Levenson, & Gottman, 1999). Apart from a study (Cihangir, 2000) aiming at improving only listening skill, listening skill was dealt with as a skill in some studies aimed at developing skill such as social skill traning (Avcioglu, 2003; Sumer, 2005), empathic skill traning (Yilmaz, 2003), conflict-solving training (Coban, 2005) and communication skill (Cam, 1997).Listening skill, as well as being one of the fundamental skills used in the interpersonal relationships in the daily life, is also one of the basic skills in the process of psychological consultation (Egan, 1994). As Gibson and Mitchell (1995) and Ivey and Ivey (1987) pointed out, counselors should well employ listening as an attitude in order to be able to understand what happened to their clients indeed and to help them. Eisenberg and Delaney (1993) emphasize that influential counselors establish an explicit, honest and supporting relationship with their clients, they establish a relationship with him/her based on respect by actively participating in the listening process and paying attention to his/her client and they try to understand not only the content of what they said but also their feelings, beliefs, opinions, sense of self and living conditions. …