Ba<SUP>2+</SUP> Removal From Water Using Sulfonated Polymer-Based Enhanced Ultrafiltration: Insights Into Process Optimization and Mechanism
Makaleler > Tam Makale · 2026
Yazarlar: Selen Gursel, Yaşar Kemal RECEPOĞLU, Özgür ARAR, Müşerref ARDA
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE, SCI İndekslerine Giren Dergi, Uluslararası, Wos, 2026, cilt 2026, ss 1-11
DOI: 10.1155/ijps/8891077
Özet
Polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF) was investigated as an effective, sludge-free method for removing Ba2+ ions from aqueous solutions, using poly (sodium p-styrene sulfonate) as a water-soluble polymer. The PEUF process involves the interaction of Ba2+ ions with sulfonate functional groups along the polymer backbone, followed by size-based separation using an ultrafiltration membrane under nitrogen pressure. The influence of key operational parameters, including monomer-to-Ba2+ molar ratio, contact time, solution pH, and the presence of competing ions, was systematically examined. Increasing the monomer-to-Ba2+ molar ratio enhanced Ba2+ removal efficiency, reaching 94% at a 5: 1 ratio and approaching a plateau (97%) at higher ratios, indicating effective utilization of sulfonate binding sites. Contact time had a pronounced effect on removal performance, with approximately 96% removal achieved after 45 min. Ba2+ removal was strongly suppressed at pH 1 but remained high and nearly constant (similar to 97%) over the pH range 3-6. The equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm, indicating monolayer binding of Ba2+ to homogeneous polymer active sites, with a maximum uptake capacity of 268.06 mg/g. Competitive ion experiments showed that monovalent ions (Na+, K+) caused only minor reductions in removal efficiency, whereas divalent ions (Ca2+, Mg2+) significantly decreased Ba2+ removal due to competitive interactions with the polymer functional groups. These results demonstrate that PEUF using a sulfonated, water-soluble polymer is a robust and selective approach for Ba2+ removal from aqueous systems.