PD ‐ L1 Expression in Uterine Mesenchymal Tumors: A Comparative Immunohistochemical Analysis
Makaleler > Tam Makale · 2026
Yazarlar: Fajrin Mammadova Bahitli, Levent AKMAN, Gürdeniz SERİN, Mert AÇAR, Nuri YILDIRIM, Osman ZEKİOĞLU, Mustafa Cosan Terek, Erdem GÖKER, Ahmet Aydin Ozsaran
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, Uluslararası, Wos, 2026, cilt 52
DOI: 10.1111/jog.70508
Özet
ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate and compare programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression across benign and malignant uterine mesenchymal tumors using immunohistochemical analysis. Methods This retrospective study included 100 patients who underwent hysterectomy for uterine mesenchymal tumors at a single tertiary center between 2000 and 2022. Cases included leiomyoma (LM; n = 20), leiomyosarcoma (LMS; n = 20), low‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG‐ESS; n = 20), high‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (HG‐ESS; n = 20), and endometrial stromal nodule (ESN; n = 20). Immunohistochemical staining was performed using the PD‐L1 (22C3) antibody, and PD‐L1 expression was evaluated using the combined positive score. Clinicopathological parameters and PD‐L1 expression were compared among tumor subtypes. Results Patients with HG‐ESS demonstrated a significantly higher mean age at diagnosis compared with the other histopathological subtypes. PD‐L1 expression was detected in 9 (45%) LMS, 10 (50%) HG‐ESS, 3 (15%) LG‐ESS, and 1 (5%) ESN cases, whereas no LM cases demonstrated positivity. PD‐L1 expression rates were significantly higher in LMS and HG‐ESS than in LM, LG‐ESS, and ESN cases ( p < 0.0001). Combined group analyses also demonstrated significantly higher PD‐L1 expression rates in the combined LMS/HG‐ESS group compared with the LG‐ESS group and the combined LM/ESN group ( p < 0.0001). Conclusion These findings demonstrate increased PD‐L1 expression in aggressive uterine mesenchymal tumors; however, the clinical and therapeutic significance of these immunohistochemical findings remains unclear. Further studies integrating PD‐L1 expression with clinical findings and treatment outcomes are needed to determine the potential therapeutic relevance of PD‐L1 in these neoplasms.