Bizans Anıtsal Mimarisinde Ion-Impost Sütun Başlıklarının Kullanımı: Ön Değerlendirmeler
Makaleler > Tam Makale · 2023
Yazarlar: Certel, Murat
Ege Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Uluslararası, 2023
Özet
Columns and column capitals used in architecture from Antiquity to the present appear in different types and styles in many building groups. Columns and column capitals, the first examples of which are encountered in temple architecture, are sometimes seen to have only a monument quality. In the Eastern Roman Empire, between the 4th and 6th centuries, many new column capital types emerged that continued the ancient tradition and developed away from this tradition over time. The beginning of the use of impost in the early 5th century led to some new developments in column capitals. One of these new developments is the start of the production of ion-impost type capitals, which emerged as a synthesis of impost and ion column capitals. Ionic-impost type capitals spread over a wide geography in the eastern and western Mediterranean, including the capital Constantinople, Anatolia, Continental Greece and Italy between the 5th and 6th centuries AD. It is seen that the use of this type of capitals became widespread especially during the reign of Emperor Justinian (527-565). Ion-impost type column capitals in Hagia Sophia, Hagia Irene and Little Hagia Sophia (St. Sergius and St. Bacchus Church) built by Emperor Justinian in Constantinople reflect the characteristic features of the period. After the 6th century AD, the use of this type of column capitals gradually decreased. In our study, it is aimed to introduce the main function of ion-impost type capitals, which reflect the architectural fashion of a period, and to answer the questions about whether such headboards are preferred due to aesthetic or architectural concerns in the light of the data in the literature.