19. Yüzyıldan 21. Yüzyıla Aydın ve Çevresinde Gözlenen Kuraklıklar

Semra SÜTGİBİ; Saadet TEKİN

doi:10.17719/jisr.2019.3444

19. Yüzyıldan 21. Yüzyıla Aydın ve Çevresinde Gözlenen Kuraklıklar

Makaleler > Tam Makale · 2019

Yazarlar: Semra SÜTGİBİ, Saadet TEKİN

Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, Diğer Kurumların Hakemli Dergileri, Uluslararası, Ebsco, 2019, cilt 12, ss 272-279

DOI: 10.17719/jisr.2019.3444

Özet

<div class="page" data-page-number="1" data-loaded="true" style="padding: 0px; margin: 1px auto -8px; direction: ltr; width: 992px; height: 1403px; position: relative; overflow: visible; border: 9px solid transparent; background-clip: content-box;"><div class="textLayer" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0.2; line-height: 1; width: 992px; height: 1403px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 153.5px; top: 377.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0794);">oşullarıyla birlikte Akdeniz havzasında kuraklaşma eğilimi artacaktır. Nitekim ü <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 857.5px; top: 443.92px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01542);">lkemiz <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 460.42px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.12202);">ile ilgili yapılan pek çok çalışma da bunu destekler niteliktedir. Ülkemizde Akdeniz yağış rejim bölgesi yağış<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 752.6px; top: 460.42px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.10474);">lardaki değişkenliğin en <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 477.02px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.13363);">yüksek olduğu yerlerdendir. Bu yağış rejim bölgesi içerisinde yer alan araştırma alanımızda da yağış değişkenliği %20’den faz<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 866.4px; top: 477.02px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03147);">ladır. <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 493.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.07959);">Osmanlı arşiv belgeleri incelendiği, Aydın ve Nazilli meteoroloji istasyonlarına ait uzun süreli ya<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 703.3px; top: 493.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.08793);">ğış verileri değerlendirildiğinde <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 510.12px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.11405);">alanda kuraklıkların önemli bir sorun olduğu görülmektedir. Burada dikkat çekici olan bir noktada özellikle 1985 ve sonrasınd<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 852.1px; top: 510.12px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06343);">a kurak <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 526.72px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.08905);">koşulların frekansındaki artıştır. Bu da günümüzde ülkemizin önemli tarım alanlarından bi<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 658.7px; top: 526.72px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06476);">ri olan ve her geçen gün nüfusu artan <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 543.42px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.10375);">Aydın’da su temininin gelecekte büyük bir problem olarak karşımıza çıkabileceğini göstermektedir.<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 153.5px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.10216);">Anahtar Kelimeler:<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 273.8px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.975791);">İklim <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 308.5px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01725);">Değişikliği<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 372.6px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.896521);">, Kuraklık<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 431.4px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.055);">, Normalleştirilmiş Yağış İndisi<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 615.4px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.971009);">, Erinç <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 656.5px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03492);">Yağış İndisi<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 726px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.975811);">, Aydın <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 773.5px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.946638);">Kuraklık<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 825.7px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.0112782);">. <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 324px; top: 1292.52px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06281);"> Sosyal <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 506.5px; top: 1292.52px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01614);">Bilimler Eğitimi Bölümü<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 650.7px; top: 1292.52px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif;">.<div class="endOfContent" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 1403px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; z-index: -1; cursor: default; user-select: none;"></div></div></div><div class="page" data-page-number="2" data-loaded="true" style="padding: 0px; margin: 1px auto -8px; direction: ltr; width: 992px; height: 1403px; position: relative; overflow: visible; border: 9px solid transparent; background-clip: content-box;"><div class="canvasWrapper" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; width: 992px; height: 1403px;"><canvas id="page2" width="993" height="1404" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; display: block; width: 993px; height: 1404px;"></canvas></div><div class="textLayer" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0.2; line-height: 1; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; width: 992px; height: 1403px;"><div class="page" data-page-number="1" data-loaded="true" style="padding: 0px; margin: 1px auto -8px; direction: ltr; width: 992px; height: 1403px; position: relative; overflow: visible; border: 9px solid transparent; background-clip: content-box;"><div class="textLayer" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0.2; line-height: 1; width: 992px; height: 1403px;"><span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 153.5px; top: 377.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0794);">Çeşitli sera gazı salım senaryolarına dayalı iklim modeli kestirimleri, iklim değişikliğinin dünyanın kurak ve yarı kurak <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 394.22px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.12182);">alanlarındaki su sıkıntısını kuvvetlendireceğini ön görmektedir. Araştırma alanımızın da içerisinde bulunduğu Akdeniz havza<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 850px; top: 394.22px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.05705);">sının da <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 410.72px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.11498);">bu yağış azalması ve kuraklaşmalardan en fazla etkilenecek alanlardan bir olduğu ifade edilmektedir. Akdeniz havzası gibi kur<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 852.4px; top: 410.72px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.12379);">ak/yarı <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 427.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.09592);">kurak iklim özelliklerine sahip alanların en iyi bilinen özelliği yağışlarda gözlemlenen kısa süreli değişmeler ve<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 803.9px; top: 427.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.05001);"> uzun dönemli <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 443.92px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.12529);">dalgalanmalardır. Dolayısıyla değişen iklim koşullarıyla birlikte Akdeniz havzasında kuraklaşma eğilimi artacaktır. Nitekim ü<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 857.5px; top: 443.92px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01542);">lkemiz <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 460.42px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.12202);">ile ilgili yapılan pek çok çalışma da bunu destekler niteliktedir. Ülkemizde Akdeniz yağış rejim bölgesi yağış<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 752.6px; top: 460.42px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.10474);">lardaki değişkenliğin en <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 477.02px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.13363);">yüksek olduğu yerlerdendir. Bu yağış rejim bölgesi içerisinde yer alan araştırma alanımızda da yağış değişkenliği %20’den faz<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 866.4px; top: 477.02px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03147);">ladır. <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 493.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.07959);">Osmanlı arşiv belgeleri incelendiği, Aydın ve Nazilli meteoroloji istasyonlarına ait uzun süreli ya<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 703.3px; top: 493.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.08793);">ğış verileri değerlendirildiğinde <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 510.12px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.11405);">alanda kuraklıkların önemli bir sorun olduğu görülmektedir. Burada dikkat çekici olan bir noktada özellikle 1985 ve sonrasınd<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 852.1px; top: 510.12px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06343);">a kurak <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 526.72px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.08905);">koşulların frekansındaki artıştır. Bu da günümüzde ülkemizin önemli tarım alanlarından bi<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 658.7px; top: 526.72px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06476);">ri olan ve her geçen gün nüfusu artan <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 543.42px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.10375);">Aydın’da su temininin gelecekte büyük bir problem olarak karşımıza çıkabileceğini göstermektedir.<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 153.5px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.10216);">Anahtar Kelimeler:<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 273.8px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.975791);">İklim <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 308.5px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01725);">Değişikliği<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 372.6px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.896521);">, Kuraklık<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 431.4px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.055);">, Normalleştirilmiş Yağış İndisi<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 615.4px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.971009);">, Erinç <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 656.5px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03492);">Yağış İndisi<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 726px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.975811);">, Aydın <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 773.5px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.946638);">Kuraklık<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 825.7px; top: 563.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.0112782);">. <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 153.5px; top: 602.42px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03345);">Abstract<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 153.5px; top: 621.92px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.13437);">Climate model estimates based on various greenhouse gas emission scenarios predict that climate change will aggravate <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 638.52px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.10249);">water shortages in arid and semi<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 288.1px; top: 638.52px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.09556);">-arid regions of the world. It is stated that the Mediterranean basin which includes our researc<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 848.4px; top: 638.52px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0328);">h area is <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 655.02px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.10676);">one of the most affected regions by the decrease of precipitation and drought. The well<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 610.2px; top: 655.02px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.08394);">-known characteristics of arid/semi<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 821.8px; top: 655.02px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00587);">-arid regions <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 671.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06807);">such as the Mediterranean basin are short<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 355.7px; top: 671.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03674);">-term changes in precipitation and long<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 601.4px; top: 671.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03936);">-term fluctuations. Therefore,<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 779.8px; top: 671.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02289);"> with the changing <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 688.22px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.13376);">climate conditions, the tendency to drought in the Mediterranean basin will increase. As a matter of fact, many studies about<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 850.3px; top: 688.22px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.987415);"> Turkey <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 704.72px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.12984);">support this theory. In our country, the Mediterranean precipitation regime region is one of the regions<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 715.4px; top: 704.72px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.09441);"> with the highest variability in <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 721.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.12516);">precipitation. Precipitation variability is more than 20% in our research area which is in this precipitation regime. While t<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 826.5px; top: 721.32px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.08165);">he Ottoman <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 737.92px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0565);">archive files are examined and the long<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 344.2px; top: 737.92px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0639);">-term precipitation data of Aydın and Nazilli me<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 652.8px; top: 737.92px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.07436);">teorological stations are evaluated, it is <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 754.52px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.1574);">observed that drought is an important problem in the area. One of the remarkable points of these evaluations is the increase <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 862.4px; top: 754.52px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06021);">in the <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 771.02px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.10921);">frequency of arid conditions, especially after 1985. This shows that water supply<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 579.1px; top: 771.02px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.12491);"> in Aydın, which is one of the important agricultural <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 787.72px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.10896);">areas of our country and whose population is increasing day by day, maybe a big problem in the future.<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 153.5px; top: 807.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.04726);">Keyw ords:<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 219px; top: 807.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.951476);"> Climate <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 272.1px; top: 807.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.95951);">Change<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 317.5px; top: 807.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.971285);">, Drought<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 374.6px; top: 807.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.05885);">, Standardization Precipitation Index<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 591.8px; top: 807.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.968608);">, Erinç <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 632.8px; top: 807.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03945);">Precipitation Index<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 745.5px; top: 807.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.988054);">, Drought <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 805.8px; top: 807.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.08418);">in Aydın<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 858.3px; top: 807.62px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.0112782);">. <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 153.5px; top: 924.68px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.37285);">Giriş <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 153.5px; top: 948.48px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0997);">İklim değişikliği, günümüzde küresel ölçekte insanlığın karşılaştığı en önemli sorunlardan biri <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 969.18px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.13262);">olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Çünkü bu sorunun ekolojik, ekonomik ve sosyal olmak üzere pek çok farklı <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 989.88px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06953);">boyutlarda etkisi bulunmak<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 308.3px; top: 989.88px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.07963);">tadır. Nitekim Hükümetler arası İklim Değişikliği Paneli’nin (IPCC) en son <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 1010.58px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.08146);">yayınlanan “Küresel Isınmada 1,5 ºC Raporu” nda olası iklimsel etkiler açısından, küresel sıcaklıkların <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 1031.28px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.09754);">endüstriyel dönem öncesine göre 2ºC’nin üzerine çıkması durumunda yalnız doğa<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 745.2px; top: 1031.28px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.07022);">l yaşam alanları ve <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 1051.98px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.13663);">türlerde kayıp olmayacağı, bunun yanında buzulların erimesi ve deniz seviyesi<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 696.5px; top: 1051.98px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.11438);">nin yükselmesi sonucunda <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 1072.68px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.12753);">sağlığı, refahı, güvenliği ve ekonomisiyle insan hayatını doğrudan etkileyecek sonuçlara yol açacağı ifade <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 1093.38px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.13019);">edilmekte ve bu nedenle kür<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 315.1px; top: 1093.38px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.1325);">esel ortalama sıcaklıkların 1,5ºC eşik değerinde tutulmasının önemine vurgu <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 1114.18px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.07355);">yapılmaktadır (IPCC 2018<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 302.2px; top: 1114.18px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.13869);">). Küresel ortalama yüzey sıcaklıklarındaki değişikliklerin yanında,<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 846.2px; top: 1114.18px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.953378);"> IPCC <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 1134.88px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.10815);">raporlarında da ifade edildiği gibi, <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 357.7px; top: 1134.88px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.10268);"> yağış tutarları, kar ve buz örtüleri ile deniz seviyesi değişmeleri küresel <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 1155.58px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.08027);">ve alansal olarak iklimde gözlemlenen diğer değişkenlerdir. Çeşitli sera gazı salım senaryolarına dayalı <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 1176.28px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.074);">iklim modeli kestirimleri, iklim değişikliğinin dünyanın kurak ve yarı kur<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 669.9px; top: 1176.28px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06926);">ak alanlarındaki su sıkıntısını <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 1196.98px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06827);">kuvvetlendirebileceğini öngörmektedir (Türkeş, 2011<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 498.3px; top: 1196.98px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.07366);">, 81 ). Örneğin, Kuzey ve Güney Amerika’nın doğu <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 1217.68px; font-size: 16.7px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.11552);">bölümleri, kuzey Avrupa ve Asya’nın orta ve kuzey kesimlerinde yağışlarda anlamlı artış eğilimleri <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 1269.94px; font-size: 10.8px; font-family: sans-serif;">?<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 103.3px; top: 1276.02px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06198);">Doç. Dr., Ege Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, Türkçe ve Sosyal Bilimler Eğitimi Bölümü<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 608.9px; top: 1276.02px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.0112782);">. <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 94.5px; top: 1292.52px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.867257);">** Dr. Ö<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 140.9px; top: 1292.52px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06028);">ğr. Üyesi, Ege Üniversitesi Eğit<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 324px; top: 1292.52px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06281);">im Fakültesi, Türkçe ve Sosyal <span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 506.5px; top: 1292.52px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01614);">Bilimler Eğitimi Bölümü<span style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; color: transparent; position: absolute; white-space: pre; cursor: text; transform-origin: 0% 0%; left: 650.7px; top: 1292.52px; font-size: 13.3px; font-family: serif;">.<div class="endOfContent" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 1403px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; z-index: -1; cursor: default; user-select: none;"></div></div></div><div class="page" data-page-number="2" data-loaded="true" style="padding: 0px; margin: 1px auto -8px; direction: ltr; width: 992px; height: 1403px; position: relative; overflow: visible; border: 9px solid transparent; background-clip: content-box;"><div class="canvasWrapper" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden; width: 992px; height: 1403px;"><canvas id="page2" width="993" height="1404" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; display: block; width: 993px; height: 1404px;"></canvas></div><div class="textLayer" style="padding: 0px; margin: 0px; position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; opacity: 0.2; line-height: 1; width: 992px; height: 1403px;"></div></div></div></div>

Detay görüntüle