Current Concepts about Salinity and Salinity Tolerance in Plants
Diğer yayınlar > Diğer · 2013
Yazarlar: Askım Hediye Sekmen, Melike BOR, Filiz Ozdemir, İsmail TÜRKAN
Diğer, Uluslararası, 2013, ss 163-188,
Özet
Soil salinity causes a significant reduction in plant yield and productivity depending on the reduction of the influx of water into the roots caused by the high external osmotic potential in the soil. Due to salinity problems worldwide, each year about 2–3 Mha of land go out of agricultural production. Therefore, the development of salinity-tolerant crops is crucial for sustainable agriculture. Hence, understanding the physiological, biochemical, and molecular basis of plant salt tolerance will help to improve salt stress tolerance in plants. It has been reported by different researchers that salt tolerance is a complex trait interacting with plant metabolism, leading to inhibition of growth, development, and reproduction of plants. Salt tolerance requires the involvement of several different traits, such as the accumulation and compartmentalization of ions, the synthesis of compatible solutes for osmotic adjustment, the ability to accumulate essential nutrients such as K+ and Ca2+ in the presence of high concentrations of Na +, the ability to limit the entry of these saline ions into the transpiration stream, to continue to regulate transpiration in the presence of high concentrations of Na+ and Cl−, and an efficient reactive oxygen species-scavenging capacity. In this chapter, salt stress perception by plants, the plant responses to salt stress, and the regulatory mechanism that allows plants to cope with stress are described, and information from recent studies concerning salinity tolerance are discussed.