Problems to Be Solved in Molecular Oncology
Kitapta bölümler > Diğer · 2012
Yazarlar: Ayfer Haydaroğlu
Adult and Embryonic Stem Cells, Diğer, Humana Press, B, Uluslararası, 2012, ss 237-252, ,
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-630-2_16
Özet
Cancer ranks as the second leading cause of death following heart disease. However, considering the increase in its incidence, cancer is expected to take over first place in causes of death within the next 10–15 years. Despite major advances in medicine, we still have not achieved the desired results in the treatment of cancer. The biggest reason is the fundamental problems in oncology with many unknowns to be solved. They need more research. Oncologists know well the unresolved issues in the clinical world, but they are not successful enough to direct basic scientists toward these issues, and basic scientists often stay away from the problems encountered in the clinic. Collaboration between oncologists and basic scientists is essential to cope with these problems. The main causes of failure in oncology include resistance to the basic methods of treatment such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, deactivation of treatment mechanisms by DNA repair mechanisms, oxygenation problems (hypoxia, reoxygenation), metabolic biotransformation and/or inactivation of drugs, decreased apoptosis sensitivity of cancer cells (escape from apoptosis), molecular and genetic pathways involved in drug resistance, genetic predispositions and vulnerabilities, angiogenesis (neovascularization), the blood–brain barrier, intolerance to treatments, side effects, failure to prevent metastasis, and invasion. The aim of this chapter is to present the basic problems encountered in oncology and contribute to the research studies of the basic scientists on related issues. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.