Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder in HIV-Infected Patients
Makaleler > Tam Makale · 2016
Yazarlar: Serhat Uysal, Hayriye ELBİ, Gulsen Mermut, Özen ÖNEN SERTÖZ, Figen Kaptan, Demet Gulpek, Ayşe Deniz GÖKENGİN
Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Uluslararası, Scopus, 2016, cilt 3
Özet
Background. People living with HIV (PLWH) are more likely to lose attention, have concentration difficulties and a tendency to be more talkative than other patient populations. These may be associated with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of ADHD and other psychiatric disorders among PLWH and their effect on adherence to therapy. Methods. PLHW who presented for care in 3 hospitals were recruited between 2012 and 2016. Study participants underwent a structured clinical interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fourth edition) [BV1]axis I personality disorders (SCID-I). Individuals who were not diagnosed with psychiatric disorders listed in the exclusion criteria were assessed using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale and underwent a semistructured clinical interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fourth edition) [BV2]for ADHD. They also self-completed the Wender-Utah Rating Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results. Eighty-six cases were included; 21 (24.4%) of these patients were female, and the mean age was 37.7 ± 9.3 years. Thirteen (15.1%) cases were newly diagnosed. The average follow-up time was 3.7 ± 4 years. Twenty-five (29.1%) cases were diagnosed with isolated ADHD. Twenty-six patients (30.2%) already had symptoms suggestive of a psychiatric disorder when recruited. ADHD was identified in 19.2% of cases with psychiatric symptoms compared with 33.3% of those without (P = 0.209). Adherence problems to antiretroviral therapy were identified in 27 (31.4%) cases (40% among cases with ADHD and 28.8% among those without; P = 0.321). Other psychiatric diagnoses included 57 (66.3%) cases with major depression, 13 (15%) with alcohol abuse, 6 (7%) with drug abuse, 5 (5.8%) with remission of bipolar disorder, 5 (5.8%) with antisocial personality disorder, 3 (3.5 %) with obsessive-compulsive disorder, 3 (3.5 %) with anxiety disorder, 3 (3.5%) with previous panic attack, 2 (2.3%) psychotic disorders, and 1 (1.2%) mental limitation. Conclusion. Major depression and ADHD were the 2 most common psychiatric disorders among PLWH. ADHD was present in a large percentage of PLWH independent of other psychiatric disorders. These results may be useful to overcome issues such as drug inadherence frequently encountered in HIV-positive patients. Treatment of psychiatric disorders may increase patient compliance. Disclosures. All authors: No reported disclosures.