Phytochemical characterization and cytotoxic activity potentials of isolated compounds and extracts from Propolis
Bildiriler > Tam Metin Bildiri
Yazarlar: G Gucur, G Sümer Okkalı, B Kaya, A Nalbantsoy, N Sarıkahya
Planta Medica, , , Uluslararası, Tam Metin Bildiri, Wos, cilt 92
Özet
Propolis is a natural resinous substance collected by honeybees from various plant sources and mixed with wax and enzymes. It has attracted significant scientific interest due to its broad spectrum of biological activities, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects [ 1 ] [ 2 ]. These properties make propolis an important candidate for pharmaceutical research. However, its chemical composition is highly dependent on geographic origin and local flora, which complicates standardization [ 3 ]. Therefore, isolating and identifying the active compounds in a given sample is essential to understanding its therapeutic potential. In this study, a phytochemical investigation was conducted on propolis samples collected from Kelkit (Gumushane, Turkiye). Four natural compounds were successfully isolated using further chromatographic tecniques, and their structures were elucidated using 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. These compounds were identified as pinocembrin, 7- O -methyl-datiscetin, galangin, and tectochrysin. The cytotoxic effects of the 70% ethanol extract and the isolated compounds of propolis were assessed using a MTT assay. The evaluation was conducted on SK-BR-3 (breast adenocarcinoma), OE33 (esophageal adenocarcinoma), ACC-201 (gastric adenocarcinoma), and CCD-34Lu (normal lung fibroblasts) cell lines. Cells were incubated for 24 hours and treated with concentrations of 0.5, 5, and 50 μg/mL for 48 hours. Doxorubicin was used as the positive control [ 4 ]. The most notable cytotoxic effect was observed for the ethanol extract, with an IC 50 value of 38.33±5.61 μg/mL against the OE33 cell line. These results suggest that the cytotoxic effects observed in the ethanol extract may be attributed to a synergistic interaction between its bioactive compounds. Publication History Article published online: 05 March 2026 © 2026. Thieme. All rights reserved. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany