PARASEXUALITY IN FUNGI
Articles > Article · 1995
Authors: Necip TOSUN
ANADOLU Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, Other Refereed National Journals, National, TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM), 1995, vol 5, pp 130-140
Summary
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.4pt;margin-bottom:0cm; margin-left:5.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:35.5pt; line-height:92%"><i style=""><span lang="EN-US" style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 8pt; line-height: 92%;">Parasexual cycle is defined as the combination of hereditary determinants other than the sexual cycle. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="line-height: 92%; font-size: 11.3333px;">It </span></i><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:92%">provides a mechanism of recombination of genetic material in microorganisms. it<span style="letter-spacing: -.85pt"> </span>is very<span style="letter-spacing:-.95pt"> </span>important<span style="letter-spacing:-1.3pt"> </span>for<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt"> </span>imperfect <span style="letter-spacing:-1.35pt"> </span>fungi<span style="letter-spacing:.2pt"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing:-.9pt"> </span>terms<span style="letter-spacing:-.8pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:-.75pt"> </span>variability.<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt"> </span>The<span style="letter-spacing:-1.35pt"> </span>parasexuality<span style="letter-spacing:.2pt"> </span>has<span style="letter-spacing:-.65pt"> </span>been found<span style="letter-spacing:.2pt"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing:-.8pt"> </span>most<span style="letter-spacing:-.55pt"> </span>organisms tested in the laboratory such as in </span></i></b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:8.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:92%">Aspergillus niger. A. nidulans, </span></i><i style="text-indent: 48.2667px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 9px; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;">Fusarum </span></i><i style="text-indent: 48.2667px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 9px; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">oxysporium,</span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:8.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:92%"><b> </b></span></i><i style="text-indent: 48.2667px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 7.5pt; line-height: 9px; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Ascochyta </span></i><i style="text-indent: 48.2667px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 10.8px;">imperfecta</span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:8.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:92%;letter-spacing:-.2pt">. </span></i><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:8.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:92%">The parasexual cycle in nature has been estimated to be 500 fold less than the sexual cycle. However,<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>the frequency<span style="letter-spacing:.25pt"> </span>of parasexual<span style="letter-spacing: .35pt"> </span>cycle<span style="letter-spacing:-.75pt"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing:-.95pt"> </span>certain<span style="letter-spacing:-.65pt"> </span>species<span style="letter-spacing:-.7pt"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing:-.85pt"> </span>laboratory<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt"> </span>studies<span style="letter-spacing:-.6pt"> </span>is<span style="letter-spacing:-.95pt"> </span>significantly<span style="letter-spacing: -.6pt"> </span>greater<span style="letter-spacing:-.25pt"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing:-1.05pt"> </span></span></i></b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:7.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt; line-height:92%;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">A. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:8.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:92%">nidulans.<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt"> </span><b>Vegetative<span style="letter-spacing:-.65pt"> </span>incompatibility<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt"> </span>may<span style="letter-spacing:-.7pt"> </span>affect<span style="letter-spacing:-1.1pt"> </span>formation<span style="letter-spacing: .55pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:-.9pt"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing:-.75pt"> </span>heterokaryon (anastomosis)<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing:-.55pt"> </span>nature<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>which<span style="letter-spacing:-.25pt"> </span>is </b>the <b>first essential step in parasexual cycle. Mitotic chromosome maps could be constructed from mitotic crossing<span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"> </span>over<span style="letter-spacing: -.85pt"> </span>data<span style="letter-spacing:-.75pt"> </span></b></span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:7.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:92%;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">in<span style="letter-spacing:-1.0pt"> </span></span></i><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:8.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:92%">addition<span style="letter-spacing:-.7pt"> </span>to<span style="letter-spacing:-.85pt"> </span>breeding<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:-1.1pt"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing:-1.0pt"> </span>sexual<span style="letter-spacing:-.4pt"> </span>organisms.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-top:.3pt"><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></b></p><p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:6.1pt"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:8.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt; mso-font-width:95%">Keywords: Parasexual cycle, fungi, microorganism, heterokaryon, anastomosis.</span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:8.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></i></p>