Sciatic Nerve Entrapment Neuropathy
Book chapter > Chapter Vocational Book · 2019
Authors: İhsan YÖRÜK, Seçkin ŞENIŞIK
Peripheral Nerve Injuries and Entrapment Neuropathies at Athletes, Chapter Vocational Book, Türkiye Klinikleri Yayınevi, Nationally Recognized, National, 2019, pp 64-69, Turkey, Ankara
Summary
<p><span style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; text-align: justify;">Sciatic nerve is the biggest nerve in human body and is in the close vicinity of osseous structures, several muscles, ligaments and vessels in pelvic region. This vicinity could make the nevre susceptible to entrapment. The most common presentation is buttock or hip pain worsening with sitting and walking; and improving with lying. Sensorial and motor symptoms are often seen together. Straight leg raise test, active piriformis test and seated piriformis stretch tests may be painful. CT and MRI are useful in case of external compression. Surface or needle electromyography (EMG) may reveal decreased amplitude with signs of denervation. Botulinum toxin injection provides both diagnosis and treatment. Differential diagnosis include lomber disc disease, proximal hamstring pathologies, pudendal nerve entrapment, other pelvic or extra-pelvic masses and traumatic causes. Conservative treatment is preferential. Injection tests are used both in diagnoses and management. Endoscopic or open surgical decompression would be appropriate treatment for patients who has neuropathy due to external compression or trauma, or who has failed with conservative management.</span><br></p>