CHAPTER 8 - PHYTOREMEDIATION ECO-FRIENDLY USE OF AQUATIC PLANTS IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT
Kitapta bölümler > Mesleki Kitap · 2023
Yazarlar: Hatice TEKOĞUL
ADVANCEMENTS-IN-AQUACULTURE-SUSTAINABLE-PRACTICES-INNOVATIONS-AND-APPLICATIONS, Mesleki Kitap, iksadyayinevi, Diğer, Uluslararası, 2023, ss 159-192, Türkiye, Ankara
Özet
<p>Protection of the ecosystem in various water resources and wetlands is carried out in many different ways. With polluted water, our usable water is decreasing even more, and with global warming, living conditions around the world are changing. Due to rapid population growth in recent years, sustainable use of our water resources has become even more important. The need for fresh water increases every year due to water pollution and decrease in water resources in parallel with the increasing world population. Pollutants; are dissolved or suspended organic and inorganic substances from domestic or industrial sources (Lalevic et al., 2012; Gandhi et al., 2013; Gavrilescu et al., 2015; Lal, 2015). For this reason, wastewater treatment has an important place in environmental protection plans. Furthermore, wastewater treatment plays an important role in protecting environmental health (Barceló et al., 2011). Since the 1980s, the rate of increase in water use worldwide has been around 1% per year (Aquastat, 2018). According to UNESCO (2019), global water needs for industrial and domestic use are expected to increase globally by approximately 1% annually over the next 30 years in usage levels until 2050 (Global Water Report, 2022). It estimates that this would correspond to an increase of 20% to 30% above current water demand (UNESCO, 2019; Burek et al., 2016). The total amount of water in the world is estimated to be 1,338,000,000 km3 . 96.54% of it is in the oceans, 0.007% in lakes, and 0.93% in salty waters on land. 1.74% of fresh water is in glaciers and 1.69% is in underground water. Salt water constitutes approximately 97.4% of the world's total water reserves. Fresh water that can be used by plants and animals on Earth; ~2.5% (or 3.19×1019L) of total water. It is estimated that 70% of the available water on Earth is for agriculture, 19% for industrial use and 11% for urban use (Gleick, 2000; FAO, 2015; Lal, 2015). In countries that are not rich in water resources, the treatment and reuse of domestic and industrial wastewater provides opportunities for developing technologies, improvement, reduction of pollution and increase of clean water. People's awareness of environmental issues; It has led them to seek alternative solutions for the protection and sustainability of water resources. A ADVANCEMENTS IN AQUACULTURE: SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES, INNOVATIONS, AND APPLICATIONS| 162 clean environment and the development of new ecological technologies; It is possible to reduce the load of wastewater treatment facilities, increase treatment efficiency and recycle wastewater (Jones, et al. 2021; UNESCO, 2019).</p>