Quality Criteria of Stubble Cultivation and Drilling on the Conservation Tillage Systems
Makaleler > Tam Makale · 2010
Yazarlar: İsmet Önal
DergiPark (Istanbul University), Uluslararası, 2010
Özet
Tillage is any physical soil manipulation which changes structure of the soil, kills weeds, or rearranges dead plant materials. Proper tillage is the least tillage necessary to produce the desired crop as efficiently as possible. Too much tillage overpulverizes too much of the soil and speeds up loss of soil moisture; it hastens the loss of organic matter, and in many cases buries too much of the plant residues. No-tillage has economical and ecological advantages in some areas compared to conventional plow tillage. But straw residues could disturb the seed placement. Straw residue management prior to drilling has an important influence on the success of individual drills and of the technique. Options exist in any given situation to vary the quantity of loose material and its length. Quantity adjustment can be achieved by residue removal through baling or grazing or by adjusting stubble height either pre or post drilling. Length can be varied with all types of residue through chopping by tractor mounted or by combine mounted crop chopper. This presentation is concentrated on two points: Agrotechnical principles of different straw management systems in case of heavy or normal plant (straw) residues. Quality criteria of straw management systems in combination with different drills (sowing directly into the stubble of the previous crop without disturbing the soil structure, or sowing after stubble mulching operation)