Biosorption of azo-dye Direct Blue 2 by inactivated Ganoderma lucidum fungal pellets: batch and continuous column studies
Makaleler > Tam Makale · 2026
Yazarlar: Deniz Küçük, Hasan Yiğit Yılmaz, Kader Kelle, Emre ERDEN KOPAR, Aslı Göçenoğlu Sarıkaya
Open Chemistry, Uluslararası, Wos, 2026, cilt 24
Özet
Abstract In this study, Ganoderma lucidum fungal pellets were utilized as a biosorbent for the removal of Direct Blue 2 (DB2) from aqueous solutions. Firstly, G. lucidum was cultivated on malt extract broth, and inactivated pellets were used as biosorbents. Various biosorption conditions, like pH, amount of biosorbent, temperature, and initial DB2 concentration, were studied. The biosorption capacity and percentage of removal at pH 2.0 and 45 °C were determined to be 110.82 ± 5.89 mg/g and 82.19 % ± 5.71, respectively. The kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic parameters were calculated by using the experimental data, and the negative ΔG 0 indicates that the biosorption occurs spontaneously. Ethanol was used as a desorption agent, and the reusability of biomass was also studied. Finally, G. lucidum biomass was compared with different resins, and it is clearly seen that fungal biomass is more efficient than other resins for DB2 biosorption. To investigate the usability of the biosorbent in a large-scale process, continuous column studies were conducted. According to the results, G. lucidum biomass is an effective biosorbent for removing DB2 in a large-scale process.